Robert L. Lux, Ph.D.

Education and Training:

• B.S. EE, Yale University, New Haven Connecticut
• M.S. EE, University of Vermont, Burlington Vermont
• Ph.D. EE, University of Vermont, Burlington Vermont

Clinical Specialties:

• General Cardiology

Research Interests:

• Electrocardiographic mapping
• Cardiac repolarization- heterogeneity, dynamics, arrhythmogenesis
• Visualization, characterization, and analysis of dynamic cardiac electrophysiologic phenomena
  
  My present research interests include clinical and experimental studies in cardiac electrophysiology, particularly as they relate to the understanding of arrhythmogenic mechanisms, development of methods for detecting and monitoring patients at risk of arrhythmic episodes, and development of strategies for reducing such risk. Specific research foci include development and assessment of electrocardiographic lead systems and indices for observing and monitoring electrophysiologic behavior; development of measurement and analytic techniques for assessing repolarization, its heterogeneity and dynamics in relation to pathologic conditions; and, development of mathematical, statistical and modeling tools to visualize, characterize and quantitate the complex dynamic interactions between cardiac conduction (depolarization) and recovery (repolarization). Specific disciplines used in my research include statistical signal processing and pattern recognition, body surface, cardiac surface and intramural electrocardiographic mapping, mathematical modeling and computer simulation, and 3D computer visualization methods.

Recent Publications:

• Lux RL, Bilbao M, Pelter M, Fleischmann K, Zegre J, Schindler D, Drew B: Optimal leads, estimaation and continuous monitoring improve detection of acute MI and transient ischemia. J. Electrocardiol Supplement 37, 240-243, 2004.
• Lux RL: Early repolarization variant: interesting electrocardiographic anomaly or marker or arrhythmogenic risk? J. Electrocardiol. 40: 4-5, 2007.
• Finlay DD, Nugen CD, Lux RL, Donnelly MP, McCullagh PJ, Black ND: Eigen leads: an orthogonal lead system based on statistical analysis of body surface potential maps. J. Electrocardiol. 39 (Supplement):2006.
• Lux RL, Gettes LS, Mason JW: Understanding pro-arrhythmic potential in therapeutic drug development: alternate strategies for tracking and repolarization. J. Electrocardiol. 39(Supplement):S161-S164, October, 2006.
• Lux RL, Kirchhof P, Cygankiewcz I, Brockmeier K: Electrocardiographic markers of sudden cardiac death. Proceedings of the International Congress on Electrocardiology, Koeln, Germany. J. Electrocardiol 40:S9-10, 2006.
• Lux RL: Noninvasive Assessment of Cardiac Electrophysiology for Predicting: Arrhythmogenic Risk: Are we getting closer? Circulation 118:899-900, 2008.
• Segerson NM, Litwin SE, Daccarett M, Wall S, Hamdan MH, Lux RL: Scatter in repolarization timing predicts clinical events in post-myocardial infarction patients. Heart Rhythm, 5:208-214, 2008.
• Komreich F, MacLeod RS, Lux RL: Supplemented standard 12-lead electrocardiogram for optimal diagnosis and reconstruction of significant body surface map patterns. J Electrocardiol 41:251-256, 2008.
• Lux RL, Ershler PR. Cycle length sequence dependent repolarization dynamics. J Electrocardiol. 2003; 36 Suppl: 205-8.
• Punske BB, Ni Q, Lux RL, MacLeod RS, Ershler PR, Dustman TJ, Allison MJ, Taccardi B. Spatial methods of epicardial activation time determination in normal hearts. Ann Biomed Eng. 2003 Jul-Aug; 31(7): 781-92.
• Booker KJ, Drew BJ, Lux RL, Johanson P, Krucoff MW, Hampton D, Hubelbank M, Feild DQ, Stadler RW, Mortara DM. The first ISCE Board of "Trustees" overview panel session: ischemia monitoring, state of the art. International Society of Computerized Electrocardiology. J Electrocardiol. 2002; 35 Suppl: 207-30.
• Lux RL. Electrocardiographic potential correlations: rationale and basis for lead selection and ECG estimation. J Electrocardiol. 2002; 35 Suppl: 1-5.
• Lux RL, Hilbel T, Brockmeier K. Electrocardiographic measures of repolarization revisited: why? what? how? J Electrocardiol. 2001; 34 Suppl: 259-64.
• Brockmeier K, Aslan I, Hilbel T, Eberle T, Ulmer HE, Lux RL. T-wave alternans in LQTS: repolarization-rate dynamics from digital 12-lead Holter data. J Electrocardiol. 2001; 34 Suppl: 93-6.
• Lux RL. Uncertainty of the electrocardiogram: old and new ideas for assessment and interpretation. J Electrocardiol. 2000; 33 Suppl: 203-8. Review.
• Gerstenfeld EP, SippensGroenewegen A, Lux RL, Lesh MD. Derivation of an optimal lead set for measuring ectopic atrial activation from the pulmonary veins by using body surface mapping. J Electrocardiol. 2000; 33 Suppl: 179-85.
• Wung SF, Lux RL, Drew BJ. Thoracic location of the lead with maximal ST-segment deviation during posterior and right ventricular ischemia: comparison of 18-lead ECG with 192 estimated body surface leads. J Electrocardiol. 2000; 33 Suppl: 167-74.
• Abildskov JA, Lux RL. Mechanisms in T-wave alternans caused by intraventricular block. J Electrocardiol. 2000 Oct; 33(4): 311-9.
• Fuller MS, Sandor G, Punske B, Taccardi B, MacLeod RS, Ershler PR, Green LS, Lux RL.Estimates of repolarization dispersion from electrocardiographic measurements. Circulation. 2000 Aug 8; 102(6): 685-91.
• Fuller MS, Sandor G, Punske B, Taccardi B, MacLeod RS, Ershler PR, Green LS, Lux RL. Estimates of repolarization and its dispersion from electrocardiographic measurements: direct epicardial assessment in the canine heart. J Electrocardiol. 2000 Apr; 33(2): 171-80.
• Abildskov JA, Lux RL. Simulated torsade de pointes--the role of conduction defects and mechanism of QRS rotation. J Electrocardiol. 2000 Jan; 33(1): 55-64.
• Lux RL, Fuller MS, MacLeod RS, Ershler PR, Punske BB, Taccardi B. Noninvasive indices of repolarization and its dispersion. J Electrocardiol. 1999; 32 Suppl: 153-7.
• Okazaki O, Lux RL. Paradoxical QRST integral changes with ventricular repolarization dispersion. J Electrocardiol. 1999; 32 Suppl: 60-9.
• Punske BB, Lux RL, MacLeod RS, Fuller MS, Ershler PR, Dustman TJ, Vyhmeister Y, Taccardi B. Mechanisms of the spatial distribution of QT intervals on the epicardial and body surfaces. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 1999 Dec; 10(12): 1605-18.
• Ni Q, MacLeod RS, Lux RL. Three-dimensional activation mapping in ventricular muscle: interpolation and approximation of activation times. Ann Biomed Eng. 1999 Sep-Oct; 27(5): 617-26.
• Hren R, Steinhoff U, Gessner C, Endt P, Goedde P, Agrawal R, Oeff M, Lux RL, Trahms L. Value of magnetocardiographic QRST integral maps in the identification of patients at risk of ventricular arrhythmias. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 1999 Sep; 22(9): 1292-304.
• Burnes JE, Kaelber DC, Taccardi B, Lux RL, Ershler PR, Rudy Y. A field-compatible method for interpolating biopotentials. Ann Biomed Eng. 1998 Jan-Feb; 26(1): 37-47.
• Kuenzler RO, MacLeod RS, Taccardi B, Ni Q, Lux RL. Estimation of epicardial activation maps from intravascular recordings. J Electrocardiol. 1999 Apr; 32(2): 77-92.

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