Brian C. Sauer

Brian C. Sauer, PhD, MS

Languages spoken: English

Academic Information

Departments Adjunct - Population Health Sciences , Primary - Internal Medicine , Adjunct - Biomedical Informatics , Adjunct - Family & Preventive Medicine

Divisions: Epidemiology , Public Health

Brian Sauer's research interests include pharmacoepidemiology, comparative effectiveness research, medical informatics, and causal inference. His goals are to develop new knowledge and methods that improve the research process and realize them in applied research. His work is accomplishing this by improving the theoretical understanding of research and causal inference. He is also developing methods to improve the transparency and reproducibility of his database research. He has received funding from the Veterans Health Administration and the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) to develop Transparent ReUsable database and Statistical Tools (TRUST), which are analytic modules that execute specific data transformation and analytic tasks. Modules are compiled to develop workflows that can be automated, shared and reused by other investigators. Brian Sauer aims to establish a social network of epidemiologists, biostatisticians and health services research for the purpose of collaborating and sharing research materials such as program code and analytic modules.



I serve on multiple working groups to develop guidelines for database management and observational comparative effectiveness research. I have used my role as one of the COIN center analytic core leads to develop and implement templates and standard operating procedures for epidemiological data management. We are also developing principles of epidemiologic data management and a framework for integrating project plans across research teams and roles.

Education History

Undergraduate University of Florida
 BS
Doctoral Training University of Florida
 PhD
Fellowship Veterans Affairs Medical Center
 Fellow
Graduate Training University of Utah
 MS

Selected Publications

Journal Article

  1. Cheng M, Sauer B, Johnson E, Porucznik C, Hegmann (2013). Comparison of opioid-related deaths by work-related injury. American journal of industrial medicine, 56(3), 308-16. (Read full article)
  2. Jones BE, Sauer B, Jones MM, Campo J, Damal K, He T, Ying J, Greene T, Goetz MB, Neuhauser MM, Hicks LA, Samore M (2015). Variation in Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing for Acute Respiratory Infections in the Veteran Population: A Cross-sectional Study. Annals of internal medicine, 163(2), 73-80. (Read full article)
  3. Baker JF, England BR, George M, Cannon G, Sauer B, Ogdie A, Hamilton BC, Hunter C, Duryee MJ, Thiele G, Mikuls T (2021). Disease activity, cytokines, chemokines and the risk of incident diabetes in rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 80(5), 566-572. (Read full article)
  4. Johnson TM, Sayles HR, Baker JF, George MD, Roul P, Zheng C, Sauer B, Liao KP, Anderson DR, Mikuls TR, England B (2021). Investigating changes in disease activity as a mediator of cardiovascular risk reduction with methotrexate use in rheumatoid arthritis. Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 80(11), 1385-1392. (Read full article)
  5. Xu Y, Greene TH, Bress AP, Sauer BC, Bellows BK, Zhang Y, Weintraub WS, Moran AE, Shen (2020). Estimating the optimal individualized treatment rule from a cost-effectiveness perspective. Biometrics, 78(1), 337-351. (Read full article)
  6. Xu Y, Zhou X, Suehs BT, Hartzema AG, Kahn MG, Moride Y, Sauer BC, Liu Q, Moll K, Pasquale MK, Nair VP, Bate (2015). A Comparative Assessment of Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership and Mini-Sentinel Common Data Models and Analytics: Implications for Active Drug Safety Surveillance. Drug safety, 38(8), 749-65. (Read full article)
  7. Nelson RE, Nebeker JR, Sauer BC, LaFleur (2012). Factors associated with screening or treatment initiation among male United States veterans at risk for osteoporosis fracture. Bone, 50(4), 983-8. (Read full article)
  8. Smith EG, Austin KL, Kim HM, Eisen SV, Kilbourne AM, Miller DR, Zivin K, Hannemann C, Sauer BC, Valenstein (2015). Mortality associated with lithium and valproate treatment of US Veterans Health Administration patients with mental disorders. The British journal of psychiatry, 207(1), 55-63. (Read full article)
  9. Garcia BN, Lu CC, Stephens AR, Kazmers NH, Chen W, Leng J, Li L, Sauer BC, Tyser A (2020). Risk of Total Wrist Arthrodesis or Reoperation Following 4-Corner Arthrodesis or Proximal Row Carpectomy for Stage-II SLAC/SNAC Arthritis: A Propensity Score Analysis of 502 Wrists. The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume, 102(12), 1050-1058. (Read full article)
  10. Jones BE, Brown KA, Jones MM, Huttner BD, Greene T, Sauer BC, Madaras-Kelly K, Rubin MA, Bidwell Goetz M, Samore M (2017). Variation in Empiric Coverage Versus Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Hospitalizations for Community-Onset Pneumonia Across 128 US Veterans Affairs Medical Centers. Infection control and hospital epidemiology, 38(8), 937-944. (Read full article)
  11. Carlson VR, Anderson LA, Lu CC, Sauer BC, Blackburn BE, Gililland J (2021). Perioperative Continuation of Biologic Medications Increases Odds of Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Patients With Inflammatory Arthropathy. The Journal of arthroplasty, 36(7), 2546-2550. (Read full article)
  12. Johnson EM, Lanier WA, Merrill RM, Crook J, Porucznik CA, Rolfs RT, Sauer (2013). Unintentional prescription opioid-related overdose deaths: description of decedents by next of kin or best contact, Utah, 2008-2009. Journal of general internal medicine, 28(4), 522-9. (Read full article)
  13. Cannon GW, DuVall SL, Haroldsen CL, Caplan L, Curtis JR, Michaud K, Mikuls TR, Reimold A, Collier DH, Harrison DJ, Joseph GJ, Sauer B (2014). Persistence and dose escalation of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in US veterans with rheumatoid arthritis. The Journal of rheumatology, 41(10), 1935-43. (Read full article)
  14. Walsh JA, Zhou X, Clegg DO, Teng C, Cannon GW, Sauer (2015). Mortality in American Veterans with the HLA-B27 gene. The Journal of rheumatology, 42(4), 638-44. (Read full article)
  15. Walsh JA, Pei S, Penmetsa GK, Overbury RS, Clegg DO, Sauer B (2021). Identifying Patients With Axial Spondyloarthritis in Large Datasets: Expanding Possibilities for Observational Research. The Journal of rheumatology, 48(5), 685-692. (Read full article)
  16. Cho ME, Hansen JL, Peters CB, Cheung AK, Greene T, Sauer B (2019). An increased mortality risk is associated with abnormal iron status in diabetic and non-diabetic Veterans with predialysis chronic kidney disease. Kidney international, 96(3), 750-760. (Read full article)
  17. Rupper RW, Bair BD, Sauer BC, Nebeker JR, Shinogle J, Samore (2007). Out-of-pocket pharmacy expenditures for veterans under medicare part D. Medical care, 45(10 Supl 2), S77-80. (Read full article)
  18. Nebeker JR, Yarnold PR, Soltysik RC, Sauer BC, Sims SA, Samore MH, Rupper RW, Swanson KM, Savitz LA, Shinogle J, Xu (2007). Developing indicators of inpatient adverse drug events through nonlinear analysis using administrative data. Medical care, 45(10 Supl 2), S81-8. (Read full article)
  19. Samore, MH, Shen, S, Greene, T, Stoddard, G, Sauer, B, Shinogle, J, Nebeker, J, Harbarth, S (2007). A Simulation-based Evaluation of Methods to Estimate the Impact of an Adverse Event on Hospital Length of Stay. Medical care, 45(10 (Supl 2)), S108-15.
  20. Kovesdy CP, Gosmanova EO, Woods SD, Fogli JJ, Rowan CG, Hansen JL, Sauer B (2020). Real-world management of hyperkalemia with patiromer among United States Veterans. Postgraduate medicine, 132(2), 176-183. (Read full article)
  21. Lonardo NW, Mone MC, Nirula R, Kimball EJ, Ludwig K, Zhou X, Sauer BC, Nechodom K, Teng C, Barton R (2014). Propofol is associated with favorable outcomes compared with benzodiazepines in ventilated intensive care unit patients. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine, 189(11), 1383-94. (Read full article)
  22. Hope CJ, Garvin JH, Sauer B (2012). Information extraction from narrative data. American journal of health-system pharmacy, 69(6), 455, 460-1. (Read full article)
  23. Lucila Ohno-Machado, Zia Agha, Douglas S Bell, Lisa Dahm, Michele E Day, Jason N Doctor, Davera Gabriel, Maninder K Kahlon, Katherine K Kim, Michael Hogarth, Michael E Matheny, Daniella Meeker, Jonathan R Nebeker, Frederic Resnic, Dmitry Khodyakov, Lattice Armstead, Travis Nagler, Sam Morley, Nicholas Anderson, Dan Cooper, Dan Phillips, David Heber, Zhaoping Li, Michael K Ong, Ayan Patel, Marianne Zachariah, Jane C Burns, Lori B Daniels, Son Doan, Claudiu Farcas, Rita Germann-Kurtz, Xiaoqian Jiang, Hyeon-eui Kim, Paulina Paul, Howard Taras, Adriana Tremoulet, Shuang Wang, Wenhong Zhu, Douglas Berman, Angela Rizk-Jackson, Mike D'Arcy, Carl Kesselman, Tara Knight, Laura Pearlman, Paul Heidenreich, Dena Rifkin, Carl Stepnowsky, Tania Zamora, Scott L DuVall, Lewis J Frey, Jeffrey Scehnet, Brian C Sauer, Julio C Facelli, Ram K Gouripeddi, Jason Denton, Fern FitzHenry, James Fly, Vincent Messina, Freneka Minter, Lalit Nookala, Heidi Sullivan, Theodore Speroff, Dax Westerma (2014). pSCANNER: patient-centered Scalable National Network for Effectiveness Research. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, online, amiajnl-2014-00.
  24. Liu F, Pradhan R, Druhl E, Freund E, Liu W, Sauer BC, Cunningham F, Gordon AJ, Peters CB, Yu (2019). Learning to detect and understand drug discontinuation events from clinical narratives. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 26(10), 943-951. (Read full article)
  25. LaFleur J, Nelson RE, Sauer BC, Nebeker J (2011). Overestimation of the effects of adherence on outcomes: a case study in healthy user bias and hypertension. Heart (British Cardiac Society), 97(22), 1862-9. (Read full article)
  26. Burningham Z, Chen W, Sauer BC, Richter Lagha R, Hansen J, Huynh T, Patel S, Leng J, Halwani A, Kramer B (2019). VA Geriatric Scholars Program's impact on prescribing potentially inappropriate medications. The American journal of managed care, 25(9), 425-430. (Read full article)
  27. Halwani AS, Rasmussen KM, Patil V, Li CC, Yong CM, Burningham Z, Gupta S, Narayanan S, Lin SW, Carroll S, Mhatre SK, Graff JN, Dreicer R, Sauer B (2020). Real-world practice patterns in veterans with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Urologic oncology, 38(1), 1.e1-1.e10. (Read full article)
  28. Hall GC, Sauer B, Bourke A, Brown JS, Reynolds MW, LoCasale (2012). Guidelines for good database selection and use in pharmacoepidemiology research. Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 21(1), 1-10. (Read full article)
  29. Sauer BC, Brookhart MA, Roy J, VanderWeele (2013). A review of covariate selection for non-experimental comparative effectiveness research. Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 22(11), 1139-45. (Read full article)
  30. Nelson SD, Lu CC, Teng CC, Leng J, Cannon GW, He T, Zeng Q, Halwani A, Sauer (2015). The use of natural language processing of infusion notes to identify outpatient infusions. Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 24(1), 86-92. (Read full article)
  31. Johnson ES, Bartman BA, Briesacher BA, Fleming NS, Gerhard T, Kornegay CJ, Nourjah P, Sauer B, Schumock GT, Sedrakyan A, Sturmer T, West SL, Schneeweiss (2013). The incident user design in comparative effectiveness research. Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 22(1), 1-6.
  32. Romanelli RJ, Schwartz NRM, Dixon WG, Rodriguez-Watson C, Sauer BC, Albright D, Marcum Z (2021). The use of narrative electronic prescribing instructions in pharmacoepidemiology: A scoping review for the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology. Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 30(10), 1281-1292. (Read full article)
  33. England BR, Campany M, Sayles H, Roul P, Yang Y, Ganti AK, Sokolove J, Robinson WH, Reimold AM, Kerr GS, Cannon GW, Sauer BC, Baker JF, Thiele GM, Mikuls T (2021). Associations of serum cytokines and chemokines with the risk of incident cancer in a prospective rheumatoid arthritis cohort. International immunopharmacology, 97, 107719. (Read full article)
  34. Porucznik C.A., Crook J., Johnson E.M., Rolfs R.T., Sauer B.C (2013). Specialty of Prescribers Associated with Opioid Fatalities in Utah, 2002-2010. Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.), 15(1), 5.
  35. Porucznik CA, Johnson EM, Rolfs RT, Sauer B (2014). Specialty of prescribers associated with prescription opioid fatalities in Utah, 2002-2010. Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.), 15(1), 73-8. (Read full article)
  36. Porucznik CA, Johnson EM, Sauer B, Crook J, Rolfs R (2011). Studying adverse events related to prescription opioids: the Utah experience. Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.), 12 Suppl 2, S16-25. (Read full article)
  37. Sauer BC, Chen W, Xu Y, Shen J, Accortt NA, Collier DH, Cannon G (2020). Empirical evidence of disease activity thresholds used to indicate need for major therapeutic change in US veterans with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis research & therapy, 22(1), 253. (Read full article)
  38. Passey DG, Healy R, Qualls J, Halwani A, Sauer B (2021). Pharmacist-led collaborative medication management programs for oral antineoplastic therapies: A systematic literature review. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 61(3), e7-e18. (Read full article)
  39. Rubin MA, Mayer J, Greene T, Sauer BC, Hota B, Trick W, Jernigan JA, Samore M (2008). An agent-based model for evaluating surveillance methods for catheter-related bloodstream infection. AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium, 631-5. (Read full article)
  40. Li C, Patil V, Rasmussen KM, Yong C, Chien HC, Morreall D, Humpherys J, Sauer BC, Burningham Z, Halwani A (2021). Predicting Survival in Veterans with Follicular Lymphoma Using Structured Electronic Health Record Information and Machine Learning. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(5), (Read full article)
  41. Chien HC, Morreall D, Patil V, Rasmussen KM, Li C, Yong CM, Burningham Z, Masaquel A, Halloran M, De Long-Sieg E, Schulz M, Sauer BC, Halwani A (2021). Real-world practice patterns and outcomes in Veterans with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Future oncology (London, England), 17(4), 411-422. (Read full article)
  42. Porucznik CA, Johnson EM, Rolfs RT, Sauer B (2013). Opioid prescribing knowledge and practices: provider survey following promulgation of guidelines-Utah, 2011. Journal of opioid management, 9(3), 217-24. (Read full article)
  43. Sauer BC, Hepler C (2013). Application of system-level root cause analysis for drug quality and safety problems: a case study. Research in social & administrative pharmacy, 9(1), 49-59. (Read full article)
  44. Cho ME, Hansen JL, Sauer BC, Cheung AK, Agarwal A, Greene (2021). Heart Failure Hospitalization Risk associated with Iron Status in Veterans with CKD. Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 16(4), 522-531. (Read full article)
  45. Rogers MJ, Lu CC, Stephens AR, Garcia BN, Chen W, Sauer BC, Tyser (2020). Scaphotrapeziotrapezoid Arthrodesis: A 10-Year Follow-up Study of Complications in 58 Wrists. Hand (New York, N.Y.), 17(5), 1558944720964972. (Read full article)
  46. Cannon GW, Mikuls TR, Hayden CL, Ying J, Curtis JR, Reimold AM, Caplan L, Kerr GS, Richards JS, Johnson DS, Sauer B (2011). Merging Veterans Affairs rheumatoid arthritis registry and pharmacy data to assess methotrexate adherence and disease activity in clinical practice. Arthritis care & research, 63(12), 1680-90. (Read full article)
  47. England BR, Roul P, Mahajan TD, Singh N, Yu F, Sayles H, Cannon GW, Sauer BC, Baker JF, Curtis JR, Mikuls T (2020). Performance of Administrative Algorithms to Identify Interstitial Lung Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis care & research, 72(10), 1392-1403. (Read full article)
  48. Sauer BC, Chen W, Shen J, Accortt NA, Collier DH, Cannon G (2021). Potential for Major Therapeutic Changes to Produce Significant Clinical Response Across a Broad Range of Disease Activity: An Observational Study of US Veterans With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis care & research, 73(7), 964-974. (Read full article)
  49. Chien HC, Morreall D, Patil V, Rasmussen KM, Yong C, Li C, Passey DG, Burningham Z, Sauer BC, Halwani A (2021). Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in a Nationwide Cohort of Older and Younger Veterans with Waldenström Macroglobulinemia, 2006-2019. Cancers, 13(7), (Read full article)
  50. Gundlapalli A, Divita G, Carter M, Shen S, Palmer M, Forbush T, South B, Redd A, Sauer B, Samore (2013). Extracting Surveillance Data from Templated Sections of an Electronic Medical Note: Challenges and Opportunities. Online journal of public health informatics, 5(1),
  51. Richter Lagha R, Burningham Z, Sauer BC, Leng J, Peters C, Huynh T, Patel S, Halwani AS, Kramer B (2020). Usability Testing a Potentially Inappropriate Medication Dashboard: A Core Component of the Dashboard Development Process. Applied clinical informatics, 11(4), 528-534. (Read full article)
  52. Rasmussen KM, Patil V, Burningham Z, Yong C, Sauer BC, Halwani A (2020). Atrial Fibrillation and Bleeding in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated with Ibrutinib in the Veterans Health Administration. Federal practitioner, 37(Suppl 2), S44-S49. (Read full article)
  53. Sauer B, Nebeker J, Shen S, Rupper R, West S, Shinogle JA, Xu W, Lohr KN, Samore (2014). Methodological framework to identify possible adverse drug reactions using population-based administrative data. F1000Research, 3, 258. (Read full article)
  54. Halwani AS, Rasmussen KM, Patil V, Morreall D, Li C, Yong C, Burningham Z, Dawson K, Masaquel A, Henderson K, DeLong-Sieg E, Sauer B (2020). Maintenance rituximab in Veterans with follicular lymphoma. Cancer medicine, 9(20), 7537-7547. (Read full article)
  55. Jones BE, Ying J, Stevens V, Haroldsen C, He T, Nevers M, Christensen MA, Nelson RE, Stoddard GJ, Sauer BC, Yarbrough PM, Jones MM, Goetz MB, Greene T, Samore M (2020). Empirical Anti-MRSA vs Standard Antibiotic Therapy and Risk of 30-Day Mortality in Patients Hospitalized for Pneumonia. JAMA internal medicine, 180(4), 552-560. (Read full article)
  56. Natalini JG, Baker JF, Singh N, Mahajan TD, Roul P, Thiele GM, Sauer BC, Johnson CR, Kawut SM, Mikuls TR, England B (2021). Autoantibody Seropositivity and Risk for Interstitial Lung Disease in a Prospective Male-Predominant Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort of U.S. Veterans. Annals of the American Thoracic Society, 18(4), 598-605. (Read full article)
  57. England BR, Roul P, Yang Y, Kalil AC, Michaud K, Thiele GM, Sauer BC, Baker JF, Mikuls T (2021). Risk of COVID-19 in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A National Veterans Affairs Matched Cohort Study in At-Risk Individuals. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 73, 2179-2188. (Read full article)
  58. Nord JW Jr, Berry A, Stults B, Burningham Z, Beddhu S, Sauer B (2018). Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Patient-Centered Educational Mailer Designed to Improve Statin Adherence: A Pragmatic Trial. EGEMS (Washington, DC), 4(1), 1256.
  59. Peters CB, Hansen JL, Halwani A, Cho ME, Leng J, Huynh T, Burningham Z, Caloyeras J, Matsuda T, Sauer B (2019). Validation of Algorithms Used to Identify Red Blood Cell Transfusion Related Admissions in Veteran Patients with End Stage Renal Disease. EGEMS (Washington, DC), 7(1), 23. (Read full article)
  60. Walsh JA, Pei S, Penmetsa GK, Sauer BC, Patil V, Walker JH, Clewell J, Douglas KM, Clegg DO, Cannon GW, Halwani (2019). Treatment Patterns with Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in U.S. Veterans with Newly Diagnosed Rheumatoid Arthritis, Psoriatic Arthritis, or Ankylosing Spondylitis. Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy, 25(11), 1218-1228. (Read full article)
  61. Cannon GW, Erickson AR, Teng CC, Huynh T, Austin S, Wade SW, Stolshek BS, Collier DH, Mutebi A, Sauer B (2019). Tumour necrosis factor inhibitor exposure and radiographic outcomes in Veterans with rheumatoid arthritis: a longitudinal cohort study. Rheumatology advances in practice, 3(1), rkz015. (Read full article)
  62. Cannon GW, Rojas J, Reimold A, Mikuls TR, Bergman D, Sauer B (2019). Extraction of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Measures From Electronic Health Records Using Automated Processing Algorithms. ACR open rheumatology, 1(10), 632-639. (Read full article)
  63. Smith EG, Austin KL, Kim HM, Miller DR, Sauer BC, Valenstein (2021). Suicide death over the first year of lithium versus valproate treatment in cohorts with and without bipolar disorder. Journal of psychiatric research, 147, 349-356. (Read full article)
  64. Zeidan M, Garcia BN, Lu CC, Stephens AR, Chen W, Kazmers NH, Sauer BC, Tyser A (2021). Risk of Total Wrist Arthrodesis Following Proximal Row Carpectomy: An Analysis of 1,070 Patients. The Journal of hand surgery, 48(2), 195.e1-195.e10. (Read full article)
  65. Passey D, Healy R, Qualls J, Hamilton CJ, Tilley E, Burningham Z, Sauer B, Halwani (2022). Development and implementation of a pharmacist-led telehealth medication management program for veterans receiving oral antineoplastic therapies through the MISSION Act. American journal of health-system pharmacy, 79(11), 835-843. (Read full article)
  66. England BR, Yang Y, Roul P, Haas C, Najjar L, Sayles H, Yu F, Sauer BC, Baker JF, Xie F, Michaud K, Curtis JR, Mikuls T (2023). Identification of Multimorbidity Patterns in Rheumatoid Arthritis Through Machine Learning. Arthritis care & research, 75(2), 220-230. (Read full article)
  67. Garcia BN, Lu CC, Chen W, Stephens AR, Kazmers NH, Sauer BC, Tyser (2022). Factors Associated With Unplanned Reoperation After 4-Corner Arthrodesis: A Study of 478 Wrists. Journal of hand surgery global online, 5(1), 1-5. (Read full article)
  68. Pinnell D, Patel S, Qualls J, Chen W, Rathod A, Woods SD, Boutin S, Kovesdy CP, Tangri N, Sauer B (2022). Real-world evaluation of patiromer utilization and its effects on serum potassium in veterans with end stage kidney disease. Medicine, 101(50), e32367. (Read full article)
  69. Patel S, Qualls J, Pinnell D, Rathod A, Chen W, Sauer B (2022). Justification for initiating patiromer when restricted by prior authorization and clinical guidance in a US health care system. Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy, 28(12), 1410-1418. (Read full article)
  70. Baker JF, England BR, George MD, Wysham K, Johnson T, Kunkel G, Sauer B, Hamilton BC, Hunter CD, Duryee MJ, Monach P, Kerr G, Reimold A, Xiao R, Thiele GM, Mikuls T (2022). Elevations in adipocytokines and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 61(12), 4924-4934. (Read full article)
  71. Johnson TM, Yang Y, Roul P, Sauer BC, Cannon GW, Kunkel G, Michaud K, Baker JF, Mikuls TR, England B (2022). A Narrowing Mortality Gap: Temporal Trends of Cause-Specific Mortality in a National Matched Cohort Study in US Veterans With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis care & research, (Read full article)
  72. Natalini JG, England BR, Baker JF, Chen Q, Singh N, Mahajan TD, Roul P, Thiele GM, Sauer BC, Mikuls TR, Johnson FB, Kawut S (2022). Associations between shortened telomeres and rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease among U.S. Veterans. Respiratory medicine, 201, 106943. (Read full article)
  73. Burningham Z, Lagha RR, Duford-Hutchinson B, Callaway-Lane C, Sauer BC, Halwani AS, Bell J, Huynh T, Douglas JR, Kramer B (2022). Developing the VA Geriatric Scholars Programs' Clinical Dashboards Using the PDSA Framework for Quality Improvement. Applied clinical informatics, 13(4), 961-970. (Read full article)
  74. Baker JF, England BR, George MD, Wysham K, Johnson T, Lenert A, Kunkel G, Sauer B, Duryee MJ, Monach P, Kerr G, Reimold A, Thiele GM, Mikuls T (2022). Adipocytokines and achievement of low disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 55, 152003. (Read full article)
  75. Munger MA, Nelson SD, Teng CC, Cheung AK, Sauer B (2022). Reduced risk of NSAID-Induced adverse events with concomitant use of misoprostol (MICRO study). Pharmacotherapy, 42(7), 540-548. (Read full article)
  76. Wheeler AM, Roul P, Yang Y, Brittan KM, Sayles H, Singh N, Sauer BC, Cannon GW, Baker JF, Mikuls TR, England B (2022). Risk of Prostate Cancer in US Veterans With Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis care & research, 75(4), 785-792. (Read full article)
  77. Federico LE, Johnson TM, England BR, Wysham KD, George MD, Sauer B, Hamilton BC, Hunter CD, Duryee MJ, Thiele GM, Mikuls TR, Baker J (2022). Circulating Adipokines and Associations With Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis care & research, (Read full article)
  78. Niu H, Omitaomu OA, Langston MA, Olama M, Ozmen O, Klasky HB, Laurio A, Sauer B, Ward M, Nebeker (2022). Detecting anomalous sequences in electronic health records using higher-order tensor networks. Journal of biomedical informatics, 135, 104219. (Read full article)
  79. Omitaomu OA, Klasky HB, Olama M, Ozmen O, Pullum L, Malviya Thakur A, Kuruganti T, Scott JM, Laurio A, Drews F, Sauer BC, Ward M, Nebeker J (2021). A new methodological framework for hazard detection models in health information technology systems. Journal of biomedical informatics, 124, 103937. (Read full article)
  80. Wallace BI, England BR, Baker JF, Rojas J, Sauer BC, Roul P, Kunkel GA, Braaten TJ, Petro A, Mikuls TR, Cannon G (2023). Lowering Expectations: Glucocorticoid Tapering Among Veterans With Rheumatoid Arthritis Achieving Low Disease Activity on Stable Biologic Therapy. ACR open rheumatology, 5(9), 437-442. (Read full article)
  81. Burningham Z, Jackson GL, Kelleher JL, Morris I, Stevens MB, Cohen J, Maloney G, Sauer BC, Halwani AS, Chen W, Vaughan C (2023). Use of a Medication Safety Audit and Feedback Tool in the Emergency Department Is Affected by Prescribing Characteristics. Applied clinical informatics, 14(4), 684-692. (Read full article)
  82. Johnson TM, Mahabir CA, Yang Y, Roul P, Goldsweig AM, Binstadt BA, Baker JF, Sauer BC, Cannon GW, Mikuls TR, England B (2023). Aortic Stenosis Risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis. JAMA internal medicine, 183(9), 973-81. (Read full article)
  83. Gordon AJ, Saxon AJ, Kertesz S, Wyse JJ, Manhapra A, Lin LA, Chen W, Hansen J, Pinnell D, Huynh T, Baylis JD, Cunningham FE, Ghitza UE, Bart G, Yu H, Sauer B (2023). Buprenorphine use and courses of care for opioid use disorder treatment within the Veterans Health Administration. Drug and alcohol dependence, 248, 109902. (Read full article)
  84. Luedders BA, Cope BJ, Hershberger D, DeVries M, Campbell WS, Campbell J, Roul P, Yang Y, Rojas J, Cannon GW, Sauer BC, Baker JF, Curtis JR, Mikuls TR, England B (2023). Enhancing the identification of rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease through text mining of chest computerized tomography reports. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 60, 152204. (Read full article)
  85. Patel S, Pinnell D, Qualls J, Rathod A, Chen W, Boutin S, Woods SD, Kovesdy CP, Tangri N, Sauer B (2023). Assessing patiromer utilization and associated serum potassium changes in US veterans with prior sodium polystyrene sulfonate exposure. Medicine, 102(9), e33134. (Read full article)
  86. Dolomisiewicz A, Ali H, Roul P, Yang Y, Cannon GW, Sauer B, Baker JF, Mikuls TR, Michaud K, England B (2023). Updating and Validating the Rheumatic Disease Comorbidity Index to Incorporate ICD-10-CM Diagnostic Codes. Arthritis care & research, 75(10), 2199-2206. (Read full article)
  87. Jeong S, George MD, Mikuls TR, England BR, Sauer B, Cannon GW, Baker J (2023). Changes in Patterns of Use of Advanced Therapies Following Emerging Data About Adverse Events in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis From the Veterans Affairs Health System. ACR open rheumatology, 5(10), 563-567. (Read full article)
  88. Dutt S, Roul P, Yang Y, Johnson TM, Michaud K, Sauer B, Cannon GW, Baker JF, Curtis JR, Mikuls TR, England B (2023). Multimorbidity Patterns and Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Outcomes: Findings from a Multicenter, Prospective Cohort. Arthritis care & research, (Read full article)
  89. Derek P, Jessica J, Brian S, Shoabo P, Wei C, Jorge R, Andrew G, Joshua B, Jeffrey C, Vicki S, David W, Jessica (2020). P022¿Utilization Patterns of Infliximab Originator to Infliximab Biosimilar in US Veterans. The American journal of gastroenterology, 115(Suppl 1), S6. (Read full article)
  90. Patel S, Walsh J, Pinnell D, Pei S, Chen W, Rojas J, Rathod A, Johnson J, Gawron A, Curtis JR, Baker JF, Cannon GW, Wu D, Lai M, Sauer B (2024). Real-world experience with biosimilar infliximab-adba and infliximab-dyyb among infliximab-naïve patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the Veterans Health Administration. Medicine, 103(37), e39476. (Read full article)
  91. Brooks RT, Luedders B, Wheeler A, Johnson TM, Yang Y, Roul P, Ganti AK, Singh N, Sauer BC, Cannon GW, Baker JF, Mikuls TR, England B (2024). The Risk of Lung Cancer in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease. Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 76(12), 1730-1738. (Read full article)
  92. Poole JA, England BR, Sayles H, Johnson TM, Duryee MJ, Hunter CD, Baker JF, Kerr GS, Kunkel G, Cannon GW, Sauer BC, Wysham KD, Joseph AM, Wallace BI, Thiele GM, Mikuls T (2024). Serum alarmins and the risk of incident interstitial lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 63(7), 1998-2005. (Read full article)
  93. England BR, Roul P, Yang Y, Hershberger D, Sayles H, Rojas J, Cannon GW, Sauer BC, Curtis JR, Baker JF, Mikuls T (2024). Extracting forced vital capacity from the electronic health record through natural language processing in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease. Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 33(1), e5744. (Read full article)
  94. Baker JF, England BR, Wysham KD, Sauer B, Joseph AM, Lenert A, Roul P, Xiao R, Gillcrist R, Johnson T, Cannon GW, Duryee M, Thiele GM, Mikuls T (2024). Associations Between Adiponectin and the Development of Diabetes in Rheumatoid Arthritis. The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 109(10), e1839-e1846. (Read full article)
  95. Song S, England BR, Sauer B, George MD, Riley TR, Wallace B, Cannon GW, Mikuls TR, Baker J (2024). Changes in Characteristics of Patients Initiating and Discontinuing Advanced Therapies for Rheumatoid Arthritis Following the Release of Safety Data. Arthritis care & research, 76(4), 463-469. (Read full article)

Review

  1. Johnson ES, Bartman BA, Briesacher BA, Fleming NS, Gerhard T, Kornegay CJ, Nourjah P, Sauer B, Schumock GT, Sedrakyan A, Stürmer T, West SL, Schneeweiss (2013). The incident user design in comparative effectiveness research. Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety, 22(1), 1-6. (Read full article)

Book Chapter

  1. Sauer B, Brookhart MA, Roy JA, VanderWeele T (2013). Chapter 7: Covariate Selection.
  2. Sauer B, Vanderweele (2013). Supplement 2: The Use of Directed Acyclic Graphs on Non-experimental Comparative Effectiveness Research.
  3. Li L, Greene T, Sauer B (2015). Chapter 7: Propensity score analysis with matching weights.

Conference Proceedings

  1. Gundlapalli A, Divita G, Carter M, Shen S, Palmer M, Forbush T, South B, Redd A, Sauer B, Samore (2013). Online Journal of Public Health Informatics. Online journal of public health informatics, 5(1),
  2. Sauer BC, Nebeker JR, Shen S, Rupper R, Samore (2014). Identification of possible adverse drug reactions using population-based administrative data. Proc. 2011, 60-66.
  3. Sauer BC, Nebeker JR, Shen S, Rupper R, Samore (2011). Identification of possible adverse drug reactions using population-based administrative data. Proc. 2011, 60-66.
  4. Sauer, BC, He Tao, Nebeker JR (2013). SAS® Tools for Transparent and Reproducible Research: Medication History Estimator. 1-10.
  5. Sauer B, Nebeker J, Rupper R, Samore M (2007). Serum Potassium Monitoring and Hyperkalemia in Veterans using Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Inhibitors.
  6. Halwani, A, Burningham, Z, Rasmussen, KM, Patil, V, Narayanan, S, Lin, S, Carroll, S, Hsu, L, Graff, JN, Dreicer, R, Gupta, S, Low, CA, Sauer, B (2018). Practice Patterns in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC): Evidence from the Veterans Health Administration.
  7. Halwani, A, Rasmussen, KM, Patil, V, Burningham, Z, Low, C, Meissner, B, Kapustyan, T, Keim, H, Lawrence, N, Walker, J, Sauer, B (2018). Examining methods for systematically identifying cytogenetic testing among Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukemia patients.
  8. Rasmussen, KM, Patil, V, Burningham, Z, Narayanan, S, Lin, S, Carroll, S, Hsu, L, Graff, JN, Dreicer, R, Gupta, S, Low, CA, Sauer, BC, Halwani, (2018). The Role of Academic Affiliation in the Treatment of Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer in the Veterans Health Administration.
  9. Patil, V, Rasmussen, KM, Burningham, Z, Low, C, Gupta, S, Sauer, BC, Halwani, (2018). Using Natural Language Processing in Radiology Reports to Identify the Presence of Metastatic Disease in Veterans with Prostate Cancer.
  10. Halwani, A, Friedman, DR, Patil, V, Rasmussen, KM, Sauer, BC, Kelley, MJ (2018). VA Symptom Assessment Scale (VSAS): Symptom Prevalence, Reliability and Internal Consistency.
  11. Patil, V, Rasmussen, KM, Sauer, BC, Halwani, (2018). Implementation of Chemo and Anti-Neoplastic Extractor Cycle and Regimen Estimator (CANCER CARE) in Follicular Lymphoma Patients Treated in VA.
  12. Rasmussen, KM, Patil, V, Li, C, Sauer, BC, Halwani, (2018). Understand the Survival Outcomes of Black and White Veterans with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC).
  13. Halwani, A, Burningham, Z, Rasmussen, K, Patil, V, Low, C, Reyes, C, Masaquel, A, Henderson, K, DeLong-Sieg, E, Nixon, M, Sauer, B (2018). Have First Line Practice Patterns in the Treatment of Follicular Lymphoma Changed with the Adoption of Maintenance Rituximab?. 17, S363-S364.
  14. Sauer B, Teng C-C,He T, Leng J, Lu C-C, Shah N, Harrison DJ,Tang D, Cannon G (2018). Treatment Patterns of Biologics Used in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis in the US Veterans Population.
  15. Sauer BC, Teng MS CC, Accortt NA, Collier DH, Lin TC, Cannon G (2018). Thresholds for Disease Activity Measures DAS28, CDAI, and RAPID3 Do Not Align with Clinical Practice Patterns of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Disease Management Decisions. 70(suppl 10),
  16. Cannon GW, Rogas J, Bell N, Baker J, Kerr GS, Gaffo A, Richards JS, Barton J, Schwab P, Mikuls TR, Singh N, Caplan L, Lazaro D, Reimold A, Sauer (2018). An Electronic Audit, Reporting, and Data Correction System Improves the Quantity and Quality of Observational Data Collected for US Veterans Enrolled in the Veterans Affairs Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry. 70(suppl 10),
  17. Sauer B, Teng CC, Leng J, Mikuls TR, Curtis JR, Stolshek BS, Tang D, Cannon GW (2018). Higher Persistence and Adherence with Combination Therapy with Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor+Methotrexate Combination Versus Triple Therapy in US Veterans with Rheumatoid Arthritis. 67(suppl 10),
  18. England, BR, Sokolove, J, Robinson, WH, Thiele, GM, Ganti, AK, Sayles, H, Michaud, K, Caplan, L, Davis, LA, Cannon, G (2018). Circulating Cytokine/chemokine Concentrations Predict Cancer Mortality in Men with Rheumatoid Arthritis: abstract Number: 3236. 67(suppl 10), 3879-3881.
  19. England, BR, Thiele, GM, Duryee, MJ, Klassen, L, Sokolove, J, Robinson, WH, Anderson, D, Sayles, H, Michaud, K, Caplan, (2018). Associations of Serum Anti-malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (maa) Antibodies with Cardiovascular and Respiratory Mortality in Men with Rheumatoid Arthritis: abstract Number: 1574. 67(suppl 10), 1964-1965.
  20. Sauer, B, Teng, C-C, Accortt, N, Burningham, Z, Collier, D, Trivedi, M, Cannon, G (2018). Models Using Claims-Based Administrative Data Are Poor Predictors of Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity in VA Rheumatoid Arthritis (VARA) Patients. 68(suppl 10),
  21. England BR, Sayles H, Roul P, Ganti A, Sokolove J, Robinson WH, Cannon GW, Sauer B, Baker J, Thiele GM, Mikuls T (2018). Serum Cytokine and Chemokine Concentrations Predict Incident Cancer in US Veterans with Rheumatoid Arthritis. 70(suppl 10),
  22. Overbury RS, Pei S, Penmetsa G, Cannon GW, Clegg DO, Sauer B, Walsh (2018). Identification of Axial Spondyloarthritis Patients in a Large Dataset: The Development and Validation of Novel Methods. 70(suppl 10),
  23. Cannon GW, Teng C-C, He T, Leng J, Lu C-C, Tang D, Shah N, Harrison DJ, Sauer (2018). Estimation of Cost per Effectively Treated Patients with Biologic Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs in US Veterans with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
  24. Cannon GW, DuVall SL, Hayden CL, Caplan L, Curtis JR, Michaud K, Mikuls TR, Reimold AM, Collier DH, Joseph G, Harrison DJ, Sauer B (2018). US Veterans With Rheumatoid Arthritis Who Switch Among Tumor Necrosis Factor Blocking Agents Have No Additional Clinical Benefit With The Change In Therapy and Incur Higher Costs.

Letter

  1. Chien HC, Morreall D, Patil V, Rasmussen KM, Yong CM, Li CY, Passey DG, Burningham Z, Sauer BC, Halwani A (2021). Real-world treatment patterns and outcomes in a national study of veterans with Waldenström macroglobulinemia, 2006-2019. American journal of hematology, 96(6), E184-E187. (Read full article)

Abstract

  1. LaFleur J, Ghate S, Sauer (2008). Updating the RxRisk-V measure: Creating a crosswalk between Veterans Affairs pharmacy codes and First Databank therapeutic categories. Value in health, 11(3), A191.
  2. J Leng, CC Lu, G Cannon, CC Teng, X Zhou, T He, DJ Harrison, N Shah, BC Saue (2014). Performance of NLP tool designed to identify and extract biologic drug infusion data from clinical notes. Value in health, 17(3), A187-A187.
  3. Ghate SR, LaFleur J, Sauer B, Charland (2008). A modified RxRisk-V comorbidity index predicts adherence with lipid lowering therapy. (Poster session presented at International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 13th Annual International Meeting. Toronto, Ontario, Canada. May 2008). Value in health, 11(3), A185.
  4. CC Lu, J Leng, G Cannon, X Zhou, DJ Harrison, N Shah, BC Saue (2014). Accuracy of a natural language processing software designed to compute average weekly dose from narrative medication schedule. 17(3), A187-A188.
  5. Halwani, A, Burningham, Z, Rasmussen, KM, Patil, V, Narayanan, S, Lin, S-W, Carroll, S, Hsu, L, Graff, JN, Dreicer, R, Gupta, S, Low, CA, Sauer, B (2017). 804PPractice Patterns in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC): Evidence From the Veterans Health Administration. 28(suppl_5),
  6. Halwani, AS, Rasmussen, K, Patil, V, Burningham, Z, Sauer, B (2018). Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation and Bleeding in CLL Patients Treated with Ibrutinib: Evidence from the Veterans Health Administration. 130(suppl 1), 5336.
  7. Halwani, A, Rasmussen, KM, Patil, V, Burningham, Z, Narayanan, S, Lin, S-W, Carroll, S, Hsu, L-I, Graff, JN, Dreicer, R, Sauer, (2018). Abstract A055: Racial Disparities in Metastatic Castrate-Resistant Prostate Cancer (mCRPC): Evidence from the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). 78(16), A055.

Other

  1. Smith EG, Austin KL, Kim HM, Miller DR, Sauer BC, Valenstein (2022). Corrigendum to "Suicide death over the first year of lithium versus valproate treatment in cohorts with and without bipolar disorder" [J. Psychiatr. Res. 147 (2021 Dec 15) 349-356]. Journal of psychiatric research, 149, 209. (Read full article)

Report

  1. Sauer BC, Shinogle JA, Xu W, Samore M, Nebeker J, Liu Z, Rupper R, Lux L, Amoozegar J, Lohr K (2008). Improving Patient Safety and Pharmacovigilance: Methods Using Observational Data and Cohort Studies.