Mary Jo Pugh

Mary Jo Pugh, PhD, RN

Languages spoken: English

Academic Information

Departments Primary - Internal Medicine , Adjunct - Population Health Sciences

Divisions: Epidemiology

Lab

Mary Jo Pugh Ph.D., R.N., is a retired Air Force nurse and Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Epidemiology at the University of Utah School of Medicine. She is an investigator at the Informatics, Decision-Enhancement and Analytic Sciences Center of Innovation (IDEAS COIN) and the VA Salt Lake City where she leads the COIN focus area that aims to identify and mitigate health risks in Veterans across periods of vulnerability.

Integrating her training as a Veteran, a nurse and a developmental psychologist, she has developed an epidemiological research program to examine the long-term sequelae and outcomes of military exposures. Early in her career she focused on outcomes associated with suboptimal quality of care in older Veterans. Over the past decade she has targeted her work using VA data to identify phenotypes in populations with complex comorbidity such as those with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and complex multi-symptom illness in Gulf War era Veterans. Dr. Pugh’s current work related to TBI includes longitudinal observational and prospective studies to identify the emergence of distinct neurodegenerative conditions such as cognitive impairment and epilepsy, and clusters of multimorbidity that may have similar or networked biological underpinnings. Her longitudinal observational studies of approximately 2.6 million Veterans currently link Department of Defense (DoD) combat theatre and health system data with VA health system data, and will further link with DoD serum repository data. These studies aim to understand which individuals are at highest risk of neurodegeneration, mental health conditions, and deficits in functional outcomes after mild TBI. They also investigate the possibility of using personalized medicine to address treatment choices. The next steps of this line of inquiry will use deep learning models to identify optimal treatment pathways for specific phenotypes to inform treatment guidelines for mild TBI in the context of multimorbidity.

Dr. Pugh is the author or co-author of over two hundred seventy five peer reviewed publications and book chapters, and numerous presentations at national and international scientific meetings. Her work is funded by VA Health Services Research and Development in addition to VA Rehabilitation Research and Development, the Department of Defense, and the National Institutes of Health. She regularly serves as a reviewer for national funding agencies including the National Institutes of Health, Department of Defense and VA, where she serves as chair for the HSR&D career development award panel. She also serves as a peer reviewer for scientific publications submitted to prominent scientific journals, including the Journal of the American Medical Association, Neurology, Medical Care, Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, Journal of Neurotrauma, Brain Injury, Epilepsia, Epilepsy and Behavior and many others.

Dr. Pugh received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Nursing from the College of Saint Scholastica after which she entered the Air Force. Upon her medical retirement she earned a masters degree in Education from Boston University and masters and doctoral degrees in Psychology at the Catholic University of America.

Research Statement

Over the course of the past 25 years, I have integrated my training as an Air Force nurse, developmental psychologist, and health services research to develop a research program examining the long-term sequelae and outcomes of military exposures. My early research focused on outcomes associated with suboptimal prescribing in older Veterans. Over the past 15 years I re-focused my work to use national VA data to identify phenotypes in populations with complex comorbidity such as those with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and complex multi-symptom illness. My current work includes longitudinal observational and prospective studies to identify the emergence of distinct neurodegenerative conditions such as cognitive impairment and epilepsy, and clusters of multimorbidity that may have similar or networked biological underpinnings. The longitudinal observational studies of approximately one million veterans currently link DoD combat theatre and health system data with VA health system data. These studies seek to identify individuals at highest risk of neurodegeneration, mental health conditions, and deficits in functional outcomes after mild TBI. Next steps of this line of inquiry will use deep learning models to identify optimal treatment pathways for specific phenotypes which seek to inform treatment guidelines for mild TBI in the context of multimorbidity.

Education History

Undergraduate The College of St. Scholastica
 BA
Undergraduate University of Central Florida
 BA
Graduate Training Boston University
 EdM
Graduate Training The Catholic University of America
 MA
Doctoral Training The Catholic University of America
 PhD
Postdoctoral Fellowship Center for Health Quality, Outcomes & Economic Research/Boston University School of Public Health
 Postdoctoral Fellow
Certification University of Utah
 Certificate
Certification University of Utah
 Certificate

Selected Publications

Journal Article

  1. Haney LJ, Pugh MJV, Copeland LA, Wang CP, MacCarthy DJ, Amuan ME, Shireman P (2021). Persistent Pain, Physical Dysfunction, and Decreased Quality of Life After Combat Extremity Vascular Trauma. Annals of vascular surgery, 71, 167-180.
  2. Pugh MJ, Marcum ZA, Copeland LA, Mortensen EM, Zeber JE, Noël PH, Berlowitz DR, Downs JR, Good CB, Alvarez C, Amuan ME, Hanlon J (2013). The quality of quality measures: HEDIS® quality measures for medication management in the elderly and outcomes associated with new exposure. Drugs & aging, 30(8), 645-54.
  3. Mansi IA, English JL, Alvarez CA, Mortensen EM, Pugh M (2020). Statins in survivors of traumatic brain injury: a propensity score-matched analysis. Brain injury, 34(10), 1367-1374.
  4. Correa DJ, Milano L, Kwon CS, Jetté N, Dlugos D, Harte-Hargrove L, Pugh MJ, Smith JK, Moshé S (2020). Quantitative readability analysis of websites providing information on traumatic brain injury and epilepsy: A need for clear communication. Epilepsia, 61(3), 528-538.
  5. Pugh MJ, Kennedy E, Prager EM, Humpherys J, Dams-O'Connor K, Hack D, McCafferty MK, Wolfe J, Yaffe K, McCrea M, Ferguson AR, Lancashire L, Ghajar J, Lumba-Brown (2021). Phenotyping the Spectrum of Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review and Pathway to Standardization. Journal of neurotrauma, 38(23), 3222-3234.
  6. Haarbauer-Krupa J, Pugh MJ, Prager EM, Harmon N, Wolfe J, Yaffe (2021). Epidemiology of Chronic Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury. Journal of neurotrauma, 38(23), 3235-3247.
  7. Pugh MJ, Kennedy E, Gugger JJ, Mayo J, Tate D, Swan A, Kean J, Altalib H, Gowda S, Towne A, Hinds S, Van Cott A, Lopez MR, Jaramillo CA, Eapen BC, McCafferty RR, Salinsky M, Cramer J, McMillan KK, Kalvesmaki A, Diaz-Arrastia R, MINUTE Study Group (2021). The Military Injuries: Understanding Post-Traumatic Epilepsy Study: Understanding Relationships among Lifetime Traumatic Brain Injury History, Epilepsy, and Quality of Life. Journal of neurotrauma, 38(20), 2841-2850.
  8. Dams-O'Connor K, Bellgowan PSF, Corriveau R, Pugh MJ, Smith DH, Schneider JA, Whitaker K, Zetterberg (2021). Alzheimer's Disease-Related Dementias Summit 2019: National Research Priorities for the Investigation of Traumatic Brain Injury as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias. Journal of neurotrauma, 38(23), 3186-3194.
  9. Blakey SM, Halverson TF, Evans MK, Patel TA, Hair LP, Meyer EC, DeBeer BB, Beckham JC, Pugh MJ, Calhoun PS, Kimbrel N (2021). Experiential avoidance is associated with medical and mental health diagnoses in a national sample of deployed Gulf War veterans. Journal of psychiatric research, 142, 17-24.
  10. Alaeddini A, Jaramillo CA, Faruqui SHA, Pugh M (2017). Mining Major Transitions of Chronic Conditions in Patients with Multiple Chronic Conditions. Methods of information in medicine, 56(5), 391-400.
  11. Kazanis W, Pugh MJ, Tami C, Maddry JK, Bebarta VS, Finley EP, McGeary DD, Carnahan DH, Potter J (2018). Opioid Use Patterns Among Active Duty Service Members and Civilians: 2006-2014. Military medicine, 183(3-4), e157-e164.
  12. Delgado RE, Peacock K, Elizondo B, Wells M, Grafman JH, Pugh M (2018). A Family's Affair: Caring for Veterans with Penetrating Traumatic Brain Injury. Military medicine, 183(suppl_1), 379-385.
  13. Sagiraju HKR, ¿ivkovi¿ S, VanCott AC, Patwa H, Gimeno Ruiz de Porras D, Amuan ME, Pugh MJ (2020). Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Among Veterans Deployed in Support of Post-9/11 U.S. Conflicts. Military medicine, 185(3-4), e501-e509.
  14. Lehinger E, Reed DE, Nabity P, Brackins N, Villarreal R, McGeary C, Blount T, Cobos B, Jaramillo C, Eapen BC, Pugh MJ, Potter J, Peterson A, Young-McCaughan S, Houle T, McGeary D (2021). An Examination of Chronic Pain Indices and the Updated Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental-Disorders-Fifth Edition. Military medicine, 186(11-12), e1199-e1206.
  15. Villareal H, Al-Bayati S, Wang CP, Pugh MJ, Liss M (2021). Transitional Care of Service Members With Genitourinary Injury. Military medicine, 186(9-10), 969-974.
  16. Weiner DK, Holloway K, Levin E, Keyserling H, Epstein F, Monaco E, Sembrano J, Brega K, Nortman S, Krein SL, Gentili A, Katz JN, Morrow LA, Muluk V, Pugh MJ, Perera (2020). Identifying biopsychosocial factors that impact decompressive laminectomy outcomes in veterans with lumbar spinal stenosis: a prospective cohort study. Pain,
  17. Swan AA, Nelson JT, Pogoda TK, Akin FW, Riska KM, Hall CD, Amuan ME, Yaffe K, Pugh MJ, Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium (2020). Association of Traumatic Brain Injury With Vestibular Dysfunction and Dizziness in Post-9/11 Veterans. The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation, 35(3), E253-E265.
  18. Bouldin ED, Swan AA, Norman RS, Tate DF, Tumminello C, Amuan ME, Eapen BC, Wang CP, Trevino A, Pugh M (2021). Health Phenotypes and Neurobehavioral Symptom Severity Among Post-9/11 Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium Study. The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation, 36(1), 10-19.
  19. Valera EM, Joseph AC, Snedaker K, Breiding MJ, Robertson CL, Colantonio A, Levin H, Pugh MJ, Yurgelun-Todd D, Mannix R, Bazarian JJ, Turtzo LC, Turkstra LS, Begg L, Cummings DM, Bellgowan PS (2021). Understanding Traumatic Brain Injury in Females: A State-of-the-Art Summary and Future Directions. The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation, 36(1), E1-E17.
  20. Swan AA, Akin FW, Amuan ME, Riska KM, Hall CD, Kalvesmaki A, Padilla S, Crowsey E, Pugh M (2021). Disruptive Dizziness Among Post-9/11 Veterans With Deployment-Related Traumatic Brain Injury. The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation, 37, 199-212.
  21. Marceaux JC, Soble JR, O'Rourke JJF, Swan AA, Wells M, Amuan M, Sagiraju HKR, Eapen BC, Pugh M (2020). Validity of early-onset dementia diagnoses in VA electronic medical record administrative data. The Clinical neuropsychologist, 34(6), 1175-1189.
  22. Pugh MJ, Berlowitz DR, Rao JK, Shapiro G, Avetisyan R, Hanchate A, Jarrett K, Tabares J, Kazis L (2011). The quality of care for adults with epilepsy: an initial glimpse using the QUIET measure. BMC health services research, 11, 1.
  23. McGeary C, Nabity P, Reed D, Cobos B, Eapen B, Pugh MJ, Jaramillo C, Potter J, Houle T, Young-McCaughan S, Peterson A, McGeary (2020). A test of the fear avoidance model to predict chronic pain outcomes in a polytrauma sample. NeuroRehabilitation, 47(1), 35-43.
  24. Shafer PO, Buelow J, Ficker DM, Pugh MJ, Kanner AM, Dean P, Levisohn (2011). Risk of adverse events on epilepsy monitoring units: a survey of epilepsy professionals. Epilepsy & behavior, 20(3), 502-5.
  25. Altalib HH, Lanham HJ, McMillan KK, Habeeb M, Fenton B, Cheung KH, Pugh M (2019). Measuring coordination of epilepsy care: A mixed methods evaluation of social network analysis versus relational coordination. Epilepsy & behavior, 97, 197-205.
  26. Reyes-Miranda A, Chan S, Gowda S, Kean J, Cramer JA, Pugh M (2020). Assessing the personal impact of epilepsy in a population-based cohort of Veterans. Epilepsy & behavior, 106, 107047.
  27. Altalib H, McMillan KK, Padilla S, Pugh M (2021). Epilepsy quality performance in a national sample of neurologists and primary care providers: Characterizing trends in acute and chronic care management. Epilepsy & behavior, 123, 108218.
  28. Song K, Wang CP, McGeary DD, Jaramillo CA, Eapen BC, Amuan M, McGeary CA, Potter JS, Pugh M (2020). Five-year Pain Intensity and Treatment Trajectories of Post-9/11 Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. The journal of pain, 21(9-10), 1005-1017.
  29. Pugh MJ, Swan AA, Amuan ME, Eapen BC, Jaramillo CA, Delgado R, Tate DF, Yaffe K, Wang C (2019). Deployment, suicide, and overdose among comorbidity phenotypes following mild traumatic brain injury: A retrospective cohort study from the Chronic Effects of Neurotrauma Consortium. PloS one, 14(9), e0222674.
  30. Delgado RE, Peacock K, Wang CP, Pugh M (2021). Phenotypes of caregiver distress in military and veteran caregivers: Suicidal ideation associations. PloS one, 16(6), e0253207.
  31. Altalib HH, Galluzzo D, Argraves S, Goulet J, Bornovski Y, Cheung KH, Jackson-Shaheed E, Tolchin B, Fenton BT, Pugh M (2019). Managing Functional Neurological Disorders: Protocol of a Cohort Study on Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizures Study. Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment, 15, 3557-3568.
  32. Jaramillo CA, Cooper DB, Wang CP, Tate DF, Eapen BC, York GE, Pugh M (2015). Subgroups of US IRAQ and Afghanistan veterans: associations with traumatic brain injury and mental health conditions. Brain imaging and behavior, 9(3), 445-55.
  33. Tate DF, Dennis EL, Adams JT, Adamson MM, Belanger HG, Bigler ED, Bouchard HC, Clark AL, Delano-Wood LM, Disner SG, Eapen BC, Franz CE, Geuze E, Goodrich-Hunsaker NJ, Han K, Hayes JP, Hinds SR 2nd, Hodges CB, Hovenden ES, Irimia A, Kenney K, Koerte IK, Kremen WS, Levin HS, Lindsey HM, Morey RA, Newsome MR, Ollinger J, Pugh MJ, Scheibel RS, Shenton ME, Sullivan DR, Taylor BA, Troyanskaya M, Velez C, Wade BS, Wang X, Ware AL, Zafonte R, Thompson PM, Wilde E (2021). Coordinating Global Multi-Site Studies of Military-Relevant Traumatic Brain Injury: Opportunities, Challenges, and Harmonization Guidelines. Brain imaging and behavior, 15(2), 585-613.
  34. Brown-Taylor L, Jaramillo C, Eapen BC, Kretzmer T, Gavin LP, Cooper T, Pugh M (2021). Accumulation of Good Intentions: How Individual Practice Guidelines Lead to Polypharmacy in the Treatment of Patients with Polytrauma. PM & R, 13(10), 1169-1175.
  35. Zeber JE, Noel PH, Pugh MJ, Copeland LA, Parchman M (2010). Family perceptions of post-deployment healthcare needs of Iraq/Afghanistan military personnel. Mental health in family medicine, 7(3), 135-43.
  36. Kumar RG, Kesinger MR, Juengst SB, Brooks MM, Fabio A, Dams-O'Connor K, Pugh MJ, Sperry JL, Wagner A (2020). Effects of hospital-acquired pneumonia on long-term recovery and hospital resource utilization following moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. The journal of trauma and acute care surgery, 88(4), 491-500.
  37. Bornovski Y, Jackson-Shaheed E, Argraves S, Hitchins A, Tolchin B, Galluzzo D, Cheung KH, Goulet J, Skanderson M, Brandt CA, Pugh MJ, Altalib (2021). Suicide and Seizures: A National Cohort Study in Veterans. Neurology. Clinical practice, 11(5), 372-376.
  38. Faruqui SHA, Alaeddini A, Chang MC, Shirinkam S, Jaramillo C, NajafiRad P, Wang J, Pugh M (2020). Summarizing Complex Graphical Models of Multiple Chronic Conditions Using the Second Eigenvalue of Graph Laplacian: Algorithm Development and Validation. JMIR medical informatics, 8(6), e16372.
  39. Haney LJ, Bae E, Pugh MJV, Copeland LA, Wang CP, MacCarthy DJ, Amuan ME, Shireman P (2020). Patency of arterial repairs from wartime extremity vascular injuries. Trauma surgery & acute care open, 5(1), e000616.
  40. Alvarez CA, Halm EA, Pugh MJV, McGuire DK, Hennessy S, Miller RT, Lingvay I, Vouri SM, Zullo AR, Yang H, Chansard M, Mortensen E (2020). Lactic acidosis incidence with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: A retrospective nested case-control study. Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 4(1), e00170.
  41. Frech TM, Murtaugh MA, Amuan M, Pugh M (2021). The frequency of Raynaud's phenomenon, very early diagnosis of systemic sclerosis, and systemic sclerosis in a large Veteran Health Administration database. BMC rheumatology, 5(1), 42.
  42. Bouldin ED, Delgado R, Peacock K, Hale W, Roghani A, Trevino AY, Viny M, Wetter DW, Pugh M (2022). Military Injuries-Understanding Posttraumatic Epilepsy, Health, and Quality-of-Life Effects of Caregiving: Protocol for a Longitudinal Mixed Methods Observational Study. JMIR research protocols, 11(1), e30975.
  43. Kennedy E, Panahi S, Stewart IJ, Tate DF, Wilde EA, Kenney K, Werner JK, Gill J, Diaz-Arrastia R, Amuan M, Van Cott AC, Pugh M (2022). Traumatic Brain Injury and Early Onset Dementia in Post 9-11 Veterans. Brain injury, 36(5), 1-8.
  44. Dennis EL, Taylor BA, Newsome MR, Troyanskaya M, Abildskov TJ, Betts AM, Bigler ED, Cole J, Davenport N, Duncan T, Gill J, Guedes V, Hinds SR 2nd, Hovenden ES, Kenney K, Pugh MJ, Scheibel RS, Shahim PP, Shih R, Walker WC, Werner JK, York GE, Cifu DX, Tate DF, Wilde E (2022). Advanced brain age in deployment-related traumatic brain injury: A LIMBIC-CENC neuroimaging study. Brain injury, 36(5), 1-11.
  45. Dismuke-Greer CE, Esmaeili A, Karmarkar AM, Davis B, Garcia C, Pugh MJ, Yaffe (2022). Economic impact of comorbid TBI-dementia on VA facility and non-VA facility costs, 2000-2020. Brain injury, 36, 1-10.
  46. Walker WC, O'Rourke J, Wilde EA, Pugh MJ, Kenney K, Dismuke-Greer CL, Ou Z, Presson AP, Werner JK Jr, Kean J, Barnes D, Karmarkar A, Yaffe K, Cifu (2022). Clinical features of dementia cases ascertained by ICD coding in LIMBIC-CENC multicenter study of mild traumatic brain injury. Brain injury, 36(5), 1-8.
  47. Howard JT, Stewart IJ, Amuan M, Janak JC, Pugh M (2022). Association of Traumatic Brain Injury With Mortality Among Military Veterans Serving After September 11, 2001. JAMA network open, 5(2), e2148150.
  48. Copeland LA, Pugh MJ, Bollinger MJ, Wang CP, Amuan ME, Rivera JC, Shireman P (2022). The VA vascular injury study: A glimpse at quality of care in Veterans with traumatic vascular injury repair. Injury, 53(6), 1947-1953.
  49. Fino PC, Dibble LE, Wilde EA, Fino NF, Johnson P, Cortez MM, Hansen CR, van der Veen SM, Skop KM, Werner JK, Tate DF, Levin HS, Pugh MJV, Walker W (2022). Sensory Phenotypes for Balance Dysfunction After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Neurology, 99(5), e521-e535.
  50. Gottshall JL, Agyemang AA, O'Neil M, Wei G, Presson A, Hewins B, Fisher D, Mithani S, Shahim P, Pugh MJ, Wilde EA, Devoto C, Yaffe K, Gill J, Kenney K, Werner J (2022). Sleep quality: A common thread linking depression, post-traumatic stress, and post-concussive symptoms to biomarkers of neurodegeneration following traumatic brain injury. Brain injury, 36(5), 633-643.
  51. Munger Clary H, Josephson SA, Franklin G, Herman ST, Hopp JL, Hughes I, Meunier L, Moura LMVR, Parker-McFadden B, Pugh MJ, Schultz R, Spanaki MV, Bennett A, Baca (2022). Seizure Frequency Process and Outcome Quality Measures: Quality Improvement in Neurology. Neurology, 98(14), 583-590.
  52. Patel TA, Mann AJ, Nomamiukor FO, Blakey SM, Calhoun PS, Beckham JC, Pugh MJ, Kimbrel N (2022). Correlates and clinical associations of military sexual assault in Gulf War era U.S. veterans: Findings from a national sample. Journal of traumatic stress, 35, 1240-1251.
  53. Halverson TF, Mann AJD, Zelkowitz RL, Patel TA, Evans MK, Aho N, Beckham JC, Calhoun PS, Pugh MJ, Kimbrel N (2022). Nonsuicidal self-injury in veterans: Prevalence, clinical characteristics, and gender differences from a national cohort. Psychiatry research, 315, 114708.
  54. Peter SC,Halverson TF,Blakey SM,Pugh MJ,Beckham JC,Calhoun PS,Kimbrel N (2022). The Veterans Health Administration's Integrated Model of Care Increases Accessibility and Delivery of Mental Health Services. Psychological services,
  55. Kennedy E,Dennis EL,Lindsey HM,deRoon-Cassini T,Plessis SD,Fani N,Kaufman ML,Koen N,Larson CL,Laskowitz S,Lebois LAM,Morey RA,Newsome MR,Palermo C,Pastorek NJ,Powers A,Scheibel R,Seedat S,Seligowski A,Stein DJ,Stevens J,Sun D,Thompson P,Troyanskaya M,van Rooij SJH,Watts AA,Tomas CW,Williams W,Hillary FG,Pugh MJ,Wilde EA,Tate D (2022). Harmonizing PTSD Severity Scales Across Instruments and Sites. Neuropsychology, 37(4), 398-408.
  56. Patel TA,Mann AJ,Nomamiukor FO,Blakey SM,Calhoun PS,Beckham JC,Pugh MJ,Kimbrel N (2022). Correlates and clinical associations of military sexual assault in Gulf War era U.S. veterans: Findings from a national sample. Journal of traumatic stress,
  57. Bouldin ED,Delgado R,Peacock K,Hale W,Roghani A,Trevino AY,Viny M,Wetter DW,Pugh M (2022). Military Injuries-Understanding Posttraumatic Epilepsy, Health, and Quality-of-Life Effects of Caregiving: Protocol for a Longitudinal Mixed Methods Observational Study. JMIR research protocols, 11(1),
  58. Frech TM,Murtaugh MA,Amuan M,Pugh M (2021). The frequency of Raynaud's phenomenon, very early diagnosis of systemic sclerosis, and systemic sclerosis in a large Veteran Health Administration database. BMC rheumatology, 5(1),
  59. Longoria AJ,Horton A,Swan AA,Kalvesmaki A,Pugh M (2022). Effect of Multimorbidity and Psychosocial Factors on Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Post-9/11 Veterans. Rehabilitation psychology, 67(1), 69-78.
  60. Grove JL, Kimbrel NA, Griffin SC, Halverson T, White MA, Blakey SM, Beckham JC, Dedert EA, Goldston DB, Pugh MJ, Calhoun P (2022). Cannabis use and suicide risk among Gulf War veterans. Death studies, 1-6.
  61. McGeary DD, Jaramillo C, Eapen B, Blount TH, Nabity PS, Moreno J, Pugh MJ, Houle TT, Potter JS, Young-McCaughan S, Peterson AL, Villarreal R, Brackins N, Sikorski Z, Johnson TR, Tapia R, Reed D, Caya CA, Bomer D, Simmonds M, McGeary C (2022). Mindfulness-Based Interdisciplinary Pain Management Program for Complex Polymorbid Pain in Veterans: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 103, 1899-1907.
  62. Kelton K, Young JR, Evans MK, Eshera YM, Blakey SM, Mann AJD, Pugh MJ, Calhoun PS, Beckham JC, Kimbrel N (2022). Complementary/integrative healthcare utilization in US Gulf-War era veterans: Descriptive analyses based on deployment history, combat exposure, and Gulf War Illness. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 49, 101644.
  63. Rivera JC, Amuan ME, Pugh M (2022). Musculoskeletal Conditions and Secondary Cardiovascular Morbidity Increase Veterans' Rehabilitation and Orthopaedic Service Utilization. Cureus, 14(7), e27139.
  64. Kelton K,Young JR,Evans MK,Eshera YM,Blakey SM,Mann AJD,Pugh MJ,Calhoun PS,Beckham JC,Kimbrel N (2022). Complementary/integrative healthcare utilization in US Gulf-War era veterans: Descriptive analyses based on deployment history, combat exposure, and Gulf War Illness. Complementary therapies in clinical practice, 49,
  65. Grove JL,Kimbrel NA,Griffin SC,Halverson T,White MA,Blakey SM,Beckham JC,Dedert EA,Goldston DB,Pugh MJ,Calhoun P (2022). Cannabis use and suicide risk among Gulf War veterans. Death studies,
  66. Bornovski Y,Jackson-Shaheed E,Argraves S,Hitchins A,Tolchin B,Galluzzo D,Cheung KH,Goulet J,Skanderson M,Brandt CA,Pugh MJ,Altalib (2021). Suicide and Seizures: A National Cohort Study in Veterans. Death studies, 11(5), 372-376.
  67. Dismuke-Greer CE,Fakhry SM,Horner MD,Pogoda TK,Pugh MJ,Gebregziabher M,Hall CL,Taber D,Spain D (2021). Ethnicity/race and service-connected disability disparities in civilian traumatic brain injury mechanism of injury and VHA health services costs in military veterans: Evidence from a Level 1 Trauma Center and VA Medical Center. Death studies, 23(3), 188-197.
  68. Faruqui SHA,Alaeddini A,Wang J,Jaramillo CA,Pugh M (2021). A functional model for structure learning and parameter estimation in continuous time bayesian network: An application in identifying patterns of multiple chronic conditions. Death studies, 9, 148076-148089.
  69. Alvarez CA,Halm EA,Pugh MJV,McGuire DK,Hennessy S,Miller RT,Lingvay I,Vouri SM,Zullo AR,Yang H,Chansard M,Mortensen E (2021). Lactic acidosis incidence with metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease: A retrospective nested case-control study. Death studies, 4(1),
  70. Altalib HH,Galluzzo D,Argraves S,Goulet J,Bornovski Y,Cheung KH,Jackson-Shaheed E,Tolchin B,Fenton BT,Pugh M (2019). Managing functional neurological disorders: Protocol of a cohort study on psychogenic non-epileptic seizures study. Death studies, 15, 3557-3568.
  71. Dismuke-Greer CE,Gebregziabher M,Ritchwood T,Pugh MJ,Walker RJ,Uchendu US,Egede L (2018). Geographic Disparities in Mortality Risk Within a Racially Diverse Sample of U.S. Veterans with Traumatic Brain Injury. Death studies, 2(1), 304-312.
  72. Collett GA,Song K,Jaramillo CA,Potter JS,Finley EP,Pugh M (2016). Prevalence of Central Nervous System Polypharmacy and Associations with Overdose and Suicide-Related Behaviors in Iraq and Afghanistan War Veterans in VA Care 2010¿2011. Death studies, 3(1), 45-52.
  73. Bollinger M,Schmidt S,Pugh J,Parsons H,Copeland L,Pugh (2015). Erosion of the healthy soldier effect in veterans of US military service in Iraq and Afghanistan. Death studies, 13(1),
  74. Diaz K,Faverio P,Hospenthal A,Restrepo MI,Amuan ME,Pugh MJ (2014). Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with higher healthcare utilization in elderly patients. Death studies, 9(2), 92-98.
  75. Mansi I,Mortensen E,Pugh M,Wegner M,Frei (2013). Incidence of musculoskeletal and neoplastic diseases in patients on statin therapy: Results of a retrospective cohort analysis. The American journal of the medical sciences, 345(5), 343-348.
  76. Finley E,Pugh M,Noel P,Brown (2012). Validating a measure of self-efficacy for life tasks in male OEF/OIF veterans. The American journal of the medical sciences, 13(2), 143-157.
  77. Copeland L,Zeber J,Pugh M,Phillips K,Lawrence (2011). Ethnicity and race variations in receipt of surgery among veterans with and without depression. The American journal of the medical sciences, 2011,
  78. Zeber JE,Noel PH,Pugh MJ,Copeland LA,Parchman M (2010). Family perceptions of post-deployment healthcare needs of Iraq/Afghanistan military personnel. The American journal of the medical sciences, 7(3), 135-143.
  79. Finley E,Baker M,Pugh M,Peterson (2010). Patterns and Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence Committed by Returning Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. The American journal of the medical sciences, 25(8), 737-743.
  80. Pugh M,Zeber J,Copeland L,Tabares J,Cramer (2008). Psychiatric disease burden profiles among veterans with epilepsy: The association with health services utilization. The American journal of the medical sciences, 59(8), 925-928.
  81. Pugh MJV,Berlowitz DR,Montouris G,Bokhour B,Cramer JA,Bohm V,Bollinger M,Helmers S,Ettinger A,Meador KJ,Fountain N,Boggs J,Tatum WO,Knoefel J,Harden C,Mattson RH,Kazis (2007). What constitutes high quality of care for adults with epilepsy?. The American journal of the medical sciences, 69(21), 2020-2027.
  82. Pugh MJ,Lindblad CI,Handler SM,Hanlon J (2005). Update on drug-related problems in the elderly. The American journal of the medical sciences, 3(3), 205-210.
  83. Cramer J,Pugh (2005). Erratum: The influence of insulin use on glycemic control: How well do adults follow prescriptions for insulin? (Diabetes Care (2005) 28 (78-83)). The American journal of the medical sciences, 28(3), 767.
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  153. Weber DM, Halverson TF, Daruwala SE, Pugh MJ, Calhoun PS, Beckham JC, Kimbrel N (2024). Love Is Not All You Need: Understanding the Association Between Relationship Status and Relationship Dysfunction With Self-Directed Violence in Veterans. Archives of suicide research, 28(3), 844-859.
  154. Grove JL, Young JR, Chen Z, Blakey SM, Beckham JC, Calhoun PS, Dedert EA, Goldston DB, Pugh MJ, Kimbrel N (2024). Experiential Avoidance, Pain, and Suicide Risk in a National Sample of Gulf War Veterans. Archives of suicide research, 28(1), 295-309.
  155. Haun JN, Nakase-Richardson R, Melillo C, Kean J, Benzinger RC, Schneider T, Pugh MJ (2023). Traumatic Brain Injury Intensive Evaluation and Treatment Program: Protocol for a Partnered Evaluation Initiative Mixed Methods Study. JMIR research protocols, 12, e44776.
  156. Peter SC, Halverson TF, Blakey SM, Pugh MJ, Beckham JC, Calhoun PS, Kimbrel N (2023). The Veterans Health Administration's integrated model of care increases accessibility and delivery of mental health services. Psychological services, 20(Suppl 2), 213-221.
  157. Faruqui SHA, Alaeddini A, Wang J, Jaramillo CA, Pugh M (2021). A Functional Model for Structure Learning and Parameter Estimation in Continuous Time Bayesian Network: An Application in Identifying Patterns of Multiple Chronic Conditions. IEEE access, 9, 148076-148089.
  158. Kennedy E, Vadlamani S, Lindsey HM, Peterson KS, Dams O'Connor K, Agarwal R, Amiri HH, Andersen RK, Babikian T, Baron DA, Bigler ED, Caeyenberghs K, Delano-Wood L, Disner SG, Dobryakova E, Eapen BC, Edelstein RM, Esopenko C, Genova HM, Geuze E, Goodrich-Hunsaker NJ, Grafman J, Håberg AK, Hodges CB, Hoskinson KR, Hovenden ES, Irimia A, Jahanshad N, Jha RM, Keleher F, Kenney K, Koerte IK, Liebel SW, Livny A, Løvstad M, Martindale SL, Max JE, Mayer AR, Meier TB, Menefee DS, Mohamed AZ, Mondello S, Monti MM, Morey RA, Newcombe V, Newsome MR, Olsen A, Pastorek NJ, Pugh MJ, Razi A, Resch JE, Rowland JA, Russell K, Ryan NP, Scheibel RS, Schmidt AT, Spitz G, Stephens JA, Tal A, Talbert LD, Tartaglia MC, Taylor BA, Thomopoulos SI, Troyanskaya M, Valera EM, van der Horn HJ, Van Horn JD, Verma R, Wade BSC, Walker WC, Ware AL, Werner JK Jr, Yeates KO, Zafonte RD, Zeineh MM, Zielinski B, Thompson PM, Hillary FG, Tate DF, Wilde EA, Dennis E (2025). Linking Symptom Inventories Using Semantic Textual Similarity. Journal of neurotrauma, 42(11-12), 1008-1020.
  159. McRae Calhoun E, Wiese JD, Meckes SJ, Grove JL, Dillon KH, Pugh MJ, Kimbrel NA, Halverson T (2025). Physical Activity and Suicidal Ideation Among Gulf War Era Veterans. American journal of lifestyle medicine, 15598276251339062.
  160. Zhou R, Sullivan-Baca E, Bart T, Pugh MJ, Towne A, Haneef (2025). Social determinants of health and healthcare utilization in veterans with post-traumatic epilepsy. Epilepsy research, 216, 107594.
  161. Elbogen EB, Pugh MJ, Amuan M, Blakey SM, Graziano RC, Nelson RE, Jones AL, Tsai (2025). Identifying Prevention Targets for Homelessness Among Recently Discharged U.S. Veterans Across Systems. Health services insights, 18, 11786329251375179.
  162. Howard JT, Stewart IJ, Pugh M (2025). Suicide Rate Trends for Post-September 11, 2001, US Military Veterans. JAMA network open, 8(9), e2530216.
  163. Pogoda TK, Dismuke-Greer CE, Eppich KG, Nguyen H, Pugh MJ, Walton SR, Cifu DX, Walker W (2025). Comparison of LIMBIC-CENC Research Findings Among Veterans With a Department of Veterans Affairs Positive Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Screen by Comprehensive TBI Evaluation Completion Status. The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation,
  164. Stromberg KM, Bouldin ED, Vogt D, Miles SR, Presson AP, Vanneman ME, Maloney TN, Pugh M (2025). Impact of Probable Deployment Traumatic Brain Injury on Post-9/11 Veteran's Productive Activity Participation After Service: A TVMI Study. The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation,
  165. Lenz A, Pugh MJ, Swan AA, Johnson A, Strom E, Schmidt J, Johnson K, Jones R, Godfred-Cato (2025). Shockwaves of War: Neurobehavioral Symptom Analysis Post-Al Asad Missile Strike, 2020. Military medicine,
  166. Grove JL, Beckham JC, Calhoun PS, Dedert EA, Pugh MJ, Kimbrel N (2025). Hazardous Drinking and Cannabis Use in Military Veterans: Comparative Associations with Risk for Suicidal and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury. International journal of mental health and addiction,
  167. Haun JN, McDaniel JT, Nakase-Richardson R, Schneider T, McMahon-Grenz J, Benzinger RC, Barton S, Sandoval R, Skop KM, Dismuke-Greer C, Sabangan J, Samson K, Klyce DW, Friedman Y, Gause LR, Miles SR, Picon LM, Lackow RM, Pugh M (2025). Rehabilitation Outcomes of Service Members and Veterans With Mild-to-Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury. Medical care, 63(12), 922-928.
  168. Nagabhirava RS, Zhou R, Pugh MJV, Towne AR, Haneef (2025). Differences in Mortality Between Veterans With Posttraumatic and Nontraumatic Epilepsy. Neurology, 105(10), e214344.
  169. Ozmen M, Vadlamani S, Gugger JJ, Amuan M, Cheney A, Diaz-Arrastia R, Pugh MJ, Kennedy (2025). From acute injury to chronic comorbidity: Interrupted time series modeling of traumatic brain injury impact among post-9/11 veterans. PloS one, 20(11), e0325411.
  170. Haun J, Berumen J, Benzinger R, Heuer J, Thorsness R, Sites EP, McDaniel JT, Byrd C, Diaz N, Alman A, Pugh M (2025). Using a Sustained Efficiency Model and Best Practices to Inform Evidence-Based Operational Decision Making. Military medicine,
  171. Kalvesmaki AF, Garcia-Davis S, Dang S, Trivedi RB, Bouldin ED, Pugh MJ, Leykum L (2025). The Silent Service: Identifying Under-Recognized Young Military Caregivers. Military medicine, 190(Supplement_3), 20-26.
  172. Patel TA, Bourassa KJ, Calhoun PS, Beckham JC, Pugh MJ, Kimbrel N (2025). Deployment-related toxic exposures, mental health problems, and suicide outcomes among Gulf War era U.S. veterans. Journal of psychiatric research, 191, 402-408.
  173. Stromberg KM, Bouldin ED, Vogt D, Miles SR, Vanneman ME, Maloney TN, Kean J, Presson AP, Pugh M (2025). Linking Neurobehavioral Symptoms to Productive Activities in Post-9/11 Veterans: A Correlational Analysis Using TVMI Data. Military medicine,
  174. Ngo V, Leykum LK, Kalvesmaki AF, Dang S, Noël PH, Pugh MJ, Delgado RE, Bouldin ED, Parish J, Trivedi RB, Elizabeth Dole Center of Excellence for Veteran and Caregiver Research Tea (2025). Caregiver recruitment and engagement: identifying best practices and strategies for including family caregivers of veterans in health services research. BMC health services research, 25(1), 1316.
  175. Zaur AJ, Shin D, Lewis J, Perera RA, Walker WC, Agyemang A, Austin T, Hodges C, Martindale SL, Pugh MJ, Amstadter AB, Sheerin C (2025). Longitudinal predictors of alcohol use and problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in an at-risk veteran sample. European journal of psychotraumatology, 16(1), 2534310.
  176. Remigio-Baker RA, Dismuke-Greer C, Pugh MJ, Eppich KG, Allen CM, Walker W (2025). The Impact of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Sustained with Blast or Nonblast Mechanism During Combat or Noncombat Deployment on Community Reintegration. Journal of neurotrauma,
  177. Wooten NR, Amaun ME, Myers M, Addo PNO, Bowers J, Carey FR, Rull RP, Boyko EJ, Bell N, DeFede-Lopéz A, Pugh MJ (2026). Physical and Behavioral Health Diagnoses and Comorbidities Associated With Transition From Military Health System to Veterans Health Care Among Post-9/11 Veterans. Health services research, 61(2), e70087.
  178. Govier DJ, Hooker ER, Shull S, Kelly SS, Gilbert TA, Pogoda TK, Zogas A, O'Neil M, Pugh MJ, Hynes DM, Carlson K (2026). Use of VA Facility and VA-Purchased Behavioral Health Services Among Post-9/11 Veterans With and Without Traumatic Brain Injury. The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation,
  179. Peterson KS, Dalton C, Kalvesmaki A, Vuong J, Gordon C, Nachimuthu S, Pugh MJ, Jones M (2026). Identifying Early Signals From Emerging Public Health Events Using Natural Language Processing. Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases, 2026, 6176855.
  180. Watson JD, Bailey EV, Henion A, Saleh S, Myers M, Altalib HH, LaFrance WC, Pugh M (2026). Associations among epilepsy phenotypes and pain, sleep interference, and dissociative symptoms. Rehabilitation psychology,
  181. Panahi S, Kennedy E, Mayo J, Christensen L, Kamineni S, Sagiraju HKR, Cooper T, Saleh S, Losciale JM, Peters A, Rupper R, Pugh M (2026). Cognitive and neurobehavioral phenotypes of post 9/11 veterans with epilepsy and mild traumatic brain injury. Frontiers in neurology, 16, 1706223.
  182. Vogt D, Borowski S, Hoffmire CA, Maguen S, Iverson KM, Pugh MJ, Galovski (2026). Impact of veterans' military-to-civilian transition experiences on their longer-term mental health. Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology,
  183. Esopenko C, Amuan ME, Jain D, Carlsson E, Wilde EA, Pugh M (2025). The Effects of Interpersonal Violence and Traumatic Brain Injuries on Mental Health Diagnoses in Female and Male Veterans. The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation, 40(6), E501-E513.

Review

  1. Raju Sagiraju HK,Wang CP,Amuan ME,Van Cott AC,Altalib HH,Pugh MJ (2018). Antiepileptic drugs and suicide-related behavior: Is it the drug or comorbidity?. Death studies, 8(4), 331-339.
  2. Van Cott AC,Pugh M (2008). Epilepsy and the elderly. The American journal of the medical sciences, 16(1), 28-32.
  3. Mayo J,Panahi S,Roghani A,Van Cott AC,Pugh M (2022). Treatment of Epilepsy in the Setting of Cognitive Decline in Older Adults. Current treatment options in neurology,
  4. Goldenberg JZ, Batson RD, Pugh MJ, Zwickey H, Beardsley J, Zeegers MP, Freeman (2024). The Cumulative Incidence of Post-Traumatic Epilepsy After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis Protocol. Neurotrauma reports, 5(1), 522-528.

Editorial

  1. Leykum LK, Penney LS, Dang S, Trivedi RB, Noël PH, Pugh JA, Shepherd-Banigan ME, Pugh MJ, Rupper R, Finley E, Parish-Johnson J, Delgado R, Peacock K, Kalvesmaki A, Van Houtven C (2022). Recommendations to Improve Health Outcomes Through Recognizing and Supporting Caregivers. Journal of general internal medicine, 37, 1265-1269.
  2. Knight SJ, Haibach JP, Hamilton AB, Whittle J, Ono SS, Butler J, Flower M, Ray CD, Pugh MJ, Zickmund S (2022). Veteran Engagement in Health Services Research: a Conceptual Model. Journal of general internal medicine, 37(Suppl 1), 94-98.
  3. Lin C, Pugh MJ, Krishnamurthy V, Krishnamurthy LC, Walker W (2024). Editorial: Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders affecting military personnel and veterans. Frontiers in neurology, 15, 1392721.

Letter

  1. Dang S, Penney LS, Trivedi R, Noel PH, Pugh MJ, Finley E, Pugh JA, Van Houtven CH, Leykum (2020). Caring for Caregivers During COVID-19. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 68(10), 2197-2201.

Other

  1. Blakey SM, Griffin SC, Grove JL, Peter SC, Levi RD, Calhoun PS, Elbogen EB, Beckham JC, Pugh MJ, Kimbrel N (2022). Comparing psychosocial functioning, suicide risk, and nonsuicidal self-injury between veterans with probable posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder. Journal of affective disorders, 308, 10-18.
  2. Kalvesmaki AF, Chapman AB, Peterson KS, Pugh MJ, Jones M, Gleason T (2022). Analysis of a national response to a White House directive for ending veteran suicide. Health services research, 57 Suppl 1(Suppl 1), 32-41.
  3. Song K, Brintz BJ, Wang CP, McGeary DD, McGeary CA, Potter JS, Jaramillo CA, Eapen BC, Pugh M (2022). Complex pain phenotypes: Suicidal ideation and attempt through latent multimorbidity. PloS one, 17(4), e0267844.
  4. Gugger JJ, Kennedy E, Panahi S, Tate DF, Roghani A, Van Cott AC, Lopez MR, Altalib H, Diaz-Arrastia R, Pugh M (2022). Multimodal Quality of Life Assessment in Post-9/11 Veterans With Epilepsy: Impact of Drug Resistance, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Comorbidity. Neurology, 98(17), e1761-e1770.
  5. Walker WC, Clark SW, Eppich K, Wilde EA, Martin AM, Allen CM, Cortez MM, Pugh MJ, Walton SR, Kenney (2025). Corrigendum: Headache among combat-exposed veterans and service members and its relation to mild TBI history and other factors: a LIMBIC-CENC study. Frontiers in neurology, 16, 1577480.