Mark R. Elstad

Mark R. Elstad, MD

Languages spoken: English

Academic Information

Departments Emeritus - Internal Medicine

Divisions:

Academic Office Information

Mark.Elstad@hsc.utah.edu

Research Interests

  • Larynx
  • Bronchoscopy surgery
  • Airway Disorders
  • Airway Obstruction
  • Delirium in the ICU setting
  • Altitude Sickness
  • Critical Care
  • Adult Critical Care

Dr. Elstad is an Emeritus Professor in the Department of Medicine, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine at the University of Utah School of Medicine. He is currently involved in research studies of the pathophysiology of voice disorders cue to the use of inhalers for treatment of asthma. He was the former Chief of Medicine and former MICU Director at the George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center.



As a Pulmonary/Critical Care physician, Mark Elstad, M.D. had a longstanding interest and expertise in interventional bronchoscopy and airways disorders. He was the Co-director of the Utah Airway Disorder Center (http://healthcare.utah.edu/airwaycenter). This center is a multi-disciplinary clinic that specializes in the management of complex airway disorders such as blockages by scars (stenosis) or tumors (cancer and benign) and other diseases that limit airflow (softening or malacia). Dr. Elstad iwas also an active ICU clinician and educator who practiced at the VA MICU.

Dr. Elstad received his medical degree at the University of Minnesota where he also trained as an Internal Medicine Resident, Chief Medical Resident, and Pulmonary/Critical Care fellow. He then completed his training as a research fellow in Pulmonary/Critical Care at the University of Utah. He has served in a variety of positions including Intermountain Thoracic Society President, VA Research and Development Committee Chairman, Internal Medicine Residency Associate Program Director, and as the 2002 Olympic Games Polyclinic Medical Director. Dr. Elstad has been the President of the Association of VA Chiefs of Medicine (AVACOM), a member of VA Chiefs of Medicine Field Advisory Committee (COMFAC), and on the Mandatory Training Committee for the VA central office.

Education History

Fellowship University of Utah School of Medicine
 Fellow
University of Minnesota
 Fellow
Chief Resident Minneapolis VA Medical Center
 Chief Medical Resident
University of Minnesota Hospitals
 Resident
Internship University of Minnesota Hospitals
 Intern
University of Minnesota
 MD
Undergraduate University of Minnesota
 BS

Selected Publications

Journal Article

  1. Girard TD, Thompson JL, Pandharipande PP, Brummel NE, Jackson JC, Patel MB, Hughes CG, Chandrasekhar R, Pun BT, Boehm LM, Elstad MR, Goodman RB, Bernard GR, Dittus RS, Ely EW (2018). Clinical phenotypes of delirium during critical illness and severity of subsequent long-term cognitive impairment: A prospective cohort study. Lancet Respir Med, 6(3), 213-222.
  2. Hughes CG, Patel MB, Jackson JC, Girard TD, Geevarghese SK, Norman BC, Thompson JL, Chandrasekhar R, Jackson JC, Brummel NE, May AK, Elstad MR, Wasserstein ML, Goodman RB, Moons KG, Dittus RS, Ely EW, Pandharipande PP (2017). Surgery and Anesthesia Exposure is Not a Risk Factor for Cognitive Impairment after Major Noncardiac Surgery and Critical Illness. Ann Surg, 265(6), 1126-1133.
  3. Patel MB, Jackson JC, Morandi A, Girard TD, Hughes CG, Thompson JL, Kiehl AL, Elstad MR, Wasserstein ML, Goodman RB, Beckham JC, Chandrasekhar R, Dittus RS, Ely EW, Pandharipande PP (2016). Incidence and Risk Factors for Intensive Care Unit-related Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans and Civilians. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 193(12), 1373-1381.
  4. Tanner K, Nissen SL, Merrill RM, Miner A, Channell RW, Miller KL, Elstad M, Kendall KA, Roy N (2015). Nebulized isotonic saline improves voice production in Sjögren's syndrome. Laryngoscope, 125(10), 2333-40.
  5. Kristine Tanner PhD1, Shawn L Nissen PhD, Ray M Merrill PhD, MPH, Alison Miner MS, Ron W Channell PhD, Karla L Miller MD, Mark Elstad MD4, Katherine A Kendall MD andNelson Roy PhD (2015). Nebulized isotonic saline improves voice production in Sjögren's syndrome. Laryngoscope, 125(10), 2333-2340.
  6. Wood DE, Nader DA, Springmeyer SC, Elstad MR, Coxson CO, Chan A, Rai NS, Mularski RA, Cooper C, Wise RA, Jones PW, Mehta AC, Gonzalez X, Sterman DH (2014). The IBV Valve Trial: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind Trial of Endobronchial Therapy for Severe Emphysema. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol, 21(4), 288-297.
  7. K Tanner, R Nelson, K Kendall, KL Miller, DO Clegg, A Heller, DR Houtz, M Elstad (2013). Comparing nebulized water versus saline after laryngeal desiccation challenge in Sjogrenn's syndrome. Laryngoscope, 123(11), 2787-2792.
  8. Tanner K, Roy N, Merrill RM, Muntz F, Houtz DR, Sauder C, Elstad M, Wright-Costa J (2010). Nebulized isotonic saline versus water following a laryngeal desiccation challenge in classically trained sopranos. J Speech Lang Hear Res, 53(6), 1555-66.
  9. Tanner K, Nelson R, Merrill R, Muntz F, Houtz D, Sauder K, Elstad M, Wright-Costa J (2010). Nebulized isotonic saline versus water following a laryngeal dessication challenge in classically trained sopranos. J Speech Lang Hear Res, 53, 1555-1566.
  10. Smith ME, Elstad M (2009). Mitomycin C and the endoscopic treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis: are two applications better than one? Laryngoscope, 119(2), 272-83.
  11. Smith ME, Elstad MR (2009). Mitomycin C and the endoscopic treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis: Are two applications better than one? Laryngoscope, 119(2), 272-283.
  12. Tanner K, Roy N, Merrill RM, Elstad M (2007). The effects of three nebulized osmotic agents in the dry larynx. J Speech Lang Hear Res, 50(3), 635-46.
  13. Tanner K, Nelson R, Merrill RM, and Elstad MR (2007). The effects of three nebulized osmotic agents in the dry larynx. J Speech Lang Hear Res, 50, 635-646.
  14. Rasmus MA, Watson G, Elstad MR (2006). Vascular abnormality treated with endobronchial brachytherapy. 13(2), 92-93.
  15. Gundlapalli AV, Rubin MA, Samore MH, Lopansri B, Lahey T, McGuire HL, Winthrop KL, Dunn JJ, Willick SE, Vosters RL, Waeckerle JE, Carroll KC, Gwaltney JM Jr, Hayden FG, Elstad MR, Sande MA (2006). Influenza, Winter Olympiad, 2002. Emerg Infect Dis, 12(1), 144-6.
  16. Grissom CK, Richer LD, Elstad MR (2005). The effects of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor on acute mountain sickness and urinary leukotriene e4 after ascent to high altitude. Chest, 127(2), 565-70.
  17. Grissom CK, Orme JF Jr, Richer LD, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Elstad MR (2003). Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is increased in lung lavage fluid from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med, 31(3), 770-5.
  18. Ghio AJ, Carter JD, Richards JH, Richer LD, Grissom CK, Elstad MR (2003). Iron and iron-related proteins in the lower respiratory tract of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med, 31(2), 395-400.
  19. Reeser JC, Willick S, Elstad M (2003). Medical services provided at the Olympic Village polyclinic during the 2002 Salt Lake City Winter Games. WMJ, 102(4), 20-5.
  20. Ghio AJ, Carter JD, Richards JH, Richer LD, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Elstad MR (2003). Iron and iron-related proteins in the lower respiratory tract of ARDS patients. Crit Care Med, 31, 395-400.
  21. Grissom CK, Albertine KH, Elstad MR (2000). Alveolar haemorrhage in a case of high altitude pulmonary oedema. Thorax, 55(2), 167-9.
  22. Bentz JS, Carroll K, Ward JH, Elstad M, Marshall CJ (1999). Acid-fast-positive Legionella pneumophila: a possible pitfall in the cytologic diagnosis of mycobacterial infection in pulmonary specimens. Diagn Cytopathol, 22(1), 45-8.
  23. Kurrus JA, Hayes JK, Hoidal JR, Menendez MM, Elstad MR (1998). Radiation therapy for tracheobronchial amyloidosis. Chest, 114(5), 1489-92.
  24. Weyrich AS, Dixon DA, Pabla R, Elstad MR, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1998). Signal-dependent translation of a regulatory protein, Bcl-3, in activated human platelets. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 95(10), 5556-61.
  25. Michael JR, Barton RG, Saffle JR, Mone M, Markewitz BA, Hillier K, Elstad MR, Campbell EJ, Troyer BE, Whatley RE, Liou TG, Samuelson WM, Carveth HJ, Hinson DM, Morris SE, Davis BL, Day RW (1998). Inhaled nitric oxide versus conventional therapy: effect on oxygenation in ARDS. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 157(5 Pt 1), 1372-80.
  26. Kurrus JA, Gray SD, Elstad MR (1997). Use of silicone stents in the management of subglottic stenosis. Laryngoscope, 107(11 Pt 1), 1553-8.
  27. Markewitz BA, Elstad MR (1997). Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia following prolonged pharmacologic neuromuscular blockade. Chest, 111(1), 248-50.
  28. Weyrich AS, Elstad MR, McEver RP, McIntyre TM, Moore KL, Morrissey JH, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1996). Activated platelets signal chemokine synthesis by human monocytes. J Clin Invest, 97(6), 1525-34.
  29. Elstad MR, La Pine TR, Cowley FS, McEver RP, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1995). P-selectin regulates platelet-activating factor synthesis and phagocytosis by monocytes. J Immunol, 155(4), 2109-22.
  30. Elstad MR, Parker CJ, Cowley FS, Wilcox LA, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1994). CD11b/CD18 integrin and a beta-glucan receptor act in concert to induce the synthesis of platelet-activating factor by monocytes. J Immunol, 152(1), 220-30.
  31. Yakel DL Jr, Whittaker SE, Elstad MR (1992). Midazolam-induced angioedema and bronchoconstriction. Crit Care Med, 20(2), 307-8.
  32. Tarbet EB, Stafforini DM, Elstad MR, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM (1991). Liver cells secrete the plasma form of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase. J Biol Chem, 266(25), 16667-73.
  33. Elstad MR, Stafforini DM, Prescott SM, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA (1991). Human macrophages secrete platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase. A mechanism for resolution of pulmonary inflammation. Chest, 99(3 Suppl), 9S-10S.
  34. Elstad MR (1991). Aspergillosis and lung defenses. Semin Respir Infect, 6(1), 27-36.
  35. Elstad MR, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1991). Protein kinase C regulates the synthesis of platelet-activating factor by human monocytes. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol, 4(2), 148-55.
  36. Stafforini DM, Elstad MR, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Prescott SM (1990). Human macrophages secret platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase. J Biol Chem, 265(17), 9682-7.
  37. Elstad MR, Stafforini DM, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1989). Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase increases during macrophage differentiation. A novel mechanism that regulates accumulation of platelet-activating factor. J Biol Chem, 264(15), 8467-70.
  38. Elstad MR, Prescott SM, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA (1988). Synthesis and release of platelet-activating factor by stimulated human mononuclear phagocytes. J Immunol, 140(5), 1618-24.
  39. Parker CJ, Frame RN, Elstad MR (1988). Vitronectin (S protein) augments the functional activity of monocyte receptors for IgG and complement C3b. Blood, 71(1), 86-93.

Review

  1. Grissom CK, Elstad MR (1999). The pathophysiology of high altitude pulmonary edema. [Review]. Wilderness Environ Med, 10(2), 88-92.
  2. Zimmerman GA, Elstad MR, Lorant DE, Mclntyre TM, Prescott SM, Topham MK, Weyrich AS, Whatley RE (1996). Platelet-activating factor (PAF): signalling and adhesion in cell-cell interactions. [Review]. Adv Exp Med Biol, 416, 297-304.
  3. Elstad MR, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1995). The interaction of leukocytes with platelets in blood coagulation. [Review]. Curr Opin Hematol, 2(1), 47-54.
  4. Elstad MR (1991). Aspergillosis and Lung Defenses. [Review]. Semin Respir Infect, 1991(6), 27-36.

Book Chapter

  1. Smith M, Elstad MR (2016). Bronchology. In Woodson, GE (Eds.), Ballenger's Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (18th). Hamilton, Ontario: B C Decker, Inc.
  2. Smith M, Elstad MR (2009). Bronchology. In Woodson, GE (Eds.), Ballenger's Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery (17th edition). Hamilton, Ontario: B C Decker, Inc.
  3. Elstad MR (2004). Altitude Medicine. In Ingebretson, RJ (Eds.), Advanced Wilderness Life Support. Salt Lake City: U of UT School of Medicine Wilderness Medicine Program.
  4. Zimmerman GA, Elstad MR, Lorant DE, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Topham MK, Weyrich AS, Whatley RE (1997). Platelet-activating factor (PAF): Signalling and adhesion in cell-cell interactions. In S Nigam, G Kunkel, SM Prescott, BB Vargartig (Eds.), Platelet-Activating Factor and Related Lipid Mediator 2 (p. 416). Plenum Publishing.
  5. Elstad MR (1990). Lung Biopsy, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, and Gallium Scanning. In Cannon GW; Zimmerman GA (Ed.), The Lung in Rheumatic Diseases. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
  6. Elstad MR, Stafforini DM, Stremler KE, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM (1989). The potential role of the PAF acetylhydrolase in human disease. In K Saito and DJ Hanagan (Eds.), Platelet-Activating Factor and Diseases (pp. 69-84). Tokyo: International Medicine Publishers.

Abstract

  1. Mark Elstad, Atul Mehta, Daniel Nader, Navdeep Rai, Richard Mularski, Dan Sterman, Xavier Gonzalez, Steven Springmeyer for the IBV Valve Trial Investigators (2012). Bronchial Valve Treatment of Emphysema: Procedure and Device Safety Results from a Double-blind Randomized Trial [Abstract]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 185, A1112.
  2. Doug Wood, Daniel Nader, Mark Elstad, Atul Mehta, Daniel Sterman, Robert Wise, Paul Jones, Xavier Gonzalez, Steven Springmeyer for the IBV Valve Trial Investigators (2012). Bronchial Valve Treatment of Emphysema: Results and Conclusions from a Double-blind Randomized Trial [Abstract]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 185, A5348.
  3. Daniel Nader, Mark Elstad, Andrew Chan, Navdeep Rai, Richard Mularski, Robert Wise, Paul Jones, Xavier Gonzalez, Steven Springmeyer for the IBV Valve Trial Investigators (2012). Bronchial Valve Treatment of Emphysema: Study Design and Methods for a Double-blind Randomized Trial [Abstract]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 185, A5924.
  4. H O Coxson, S Springmeyer, D A Nader, M R Elstad, A Chan, X Gonzalez, A C Mehta, I BV Valve Trial Investigators (2012). Bronchial Valve Treatment Of Emphysema: Lung Volume Reduction In A Double-Blind Randomized Trial [Abstract]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 185, A2903.
  5. Elstad MR, Nader D, Ninane v, Gonzales X, Springmeyer SC (2010). Bronchial valve treatment of emphysema- reducing pneumothorax by allowing collateral ventilation [Abstract]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 181, A5856.
  6. Reddy CB, Elstad MR, Smith M (2008). Topical Mitomycin C in the Endoscopic Management of Laryngotracheal Stenosis [Abstract]. CHEST, 134(4), s14003.
  7. Salud AV, Chakravarthy R, Elstad MR, Markewitz B (2006). Bite of the vampire: bronchiectasis with long-term foreign body aspiration [Abstract]. CHEST, 130(Supplement), 312S.
  8. Berjaoui W, Thomsen G, Elstad MR (2006). Localized amyloidosis presenting as parotid gland enlargement and hemoptysis [Abstract]. CHEST, 130, 286s.
  9. Peng W, Carveth H, Elstad M, Woller S (2005). Bronchoesophageal fistula secondary to broncholithiasis [Abstract]. CHEST, Supplement(4), 471S.
  10. Peterson K, Pangiotakis P, Fang J, Elstad M, Smith M (2005). Idiopathic subglottic stenosis and gastroesophageal reflux (GER): the chicken, the egg, the enigma [Abstract]. Am J of Gastroenterology, 100, S47.
  11. Rasmus MA, Elstad MR (2004). Bronchial artery malformation treated with intraluminal radiation [Abstract]. Chest, 126, 925S.
  12. Peterson K, Canale C, Fang J, Smith M, Elstad M (2004). pH monitoring in tracheal stenosis: Is there a relationship between stenosis and acid reflux? [Abstract]. Gastroenterology, 126(suppl2), A324.
  13. Skokan MD, Ryujin DT, Smith ME, Elstad MR (2002). Factors effecting exercise capacity in central airway obstruction [Abstract]. Chest, 118, 203S.
  14. Gundlapalli, et al (2002). Prospective surveillance for upper respiratory viruses promotes reduced antibiotic use at the 2002 Winter Olympics and Paralympics [Abstract]. J Infect Dis.
  15. Bock SC, Elstad MR, Grissom CK, Orme JF, Liou TG, Harris ES, Richer LD, Bao D, Lu A, Zuo Y (2001). Cleaved and inactivated antithrombin III in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from acute respiratory distress(ARDS) and at risk for ARDS patients [Abstract]. Am J Resp Crit Care Med, 163, A63.
  16. Ghio AJ, Carter JD, Richards HJ, Richer LD, Grissom CK, Elstad MR (2000). Iron and iron-related proteins in the lower respiratory tract of ARDS patients [Abstract]. Am J Resp Crit Care Med, 161(Suppl), A292.
  17. Skokan MD, Bull DA, ELstad MR (2000). Precutaneous cardiopulmonary bypass for bronchoscopic therapy of severe non-malignant tracheal stenosis [Abstract]. Chest, 118, 294S.
  18. Grissom CK, Orme JF, Zimmerman GA, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Elstad MR (1998). PAD-acetylhydrolase my regulate alveolar inflammation in ARDS [Abstract]. Am J Resp Crit Care Med, 157(Suppl), A679.
  19. Grissom CK, Elstad MR (1997). Alveolar hemorrhage as a component of high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE). [Abstract]. Third International Symposium on Hypoxia and Mountain Medicine, February.
  20. Grissom CK, Albertine KH, Elstad MR (1997). Alveolar hemorrhage in a case of high altitude pulmonary edema [Abstract]. Wilderness Env Med, 8, 238.
  21. Weyrich AS, Elstad MR, McIntyre Tm, McEver RP, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1996). Adhesion-dependent signal integration alters monokine synthesis [Abstract]. Keystone Symposium, January.
  22. Zimmerman GA, Elstad MR, Lorant DE, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Weyrich AS (1996). Mechanical and molecular regulation of leukocyte-endothelial adhesion [Abstract]. Sixth World Congress for Microcirculation, S16, S114.
  23. Weyrich AS, Elstad MR, McEver RP, McIntyre Tm, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1994). P-selectin regulates gene transcription and chemokine synthesis in monocytes [Abstract]. AHA 67th Scientific Sessions, Circulation, 90(4), 1-83.
  24. Ross DS, Bohnsack JF, Mcintyre Tm, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA, Elstad MR (1992). Group B Stretococci stimulate monocytes to produce platelet-activating factor [Abstract]. Clin Res, 40, 430A.
  25. Cowley FS, Elstad MR, McEver RP, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1992). Adherence to P-selectin enhances PAF synthesis by stimulated monocytes [Abstract]. Proc of the Fourth International Congress on PAF and Related Lipid Mediators, Snowbird, Utah, P 44.
  26. Elstad MR, Cowley FS, McEver RP, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1992). P-selectin regulates the adhesion and activation of monocytes [Abstract]. Clin Res, 40, 193A.
  27. Stafforini DM, Elstad MR, Cowley FS, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA (1992). Regulation of platelet-activating factor acetyldydrolase by cytokines. [Abstract]. Post Proceedings of the Fourth International Congress on PAF and Related Lipid Mediators, P31.
  28. Elstad MR, Stafforini DM, Prescott SM, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA (1991). Human mactophages secrete platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase: A mechanism for resolution of pulmonary inflammation [Abstract]. Chest, 99(Suppl), 95.
  29. Elstad MR, Parker CJ, Cowley FS, Wilcox LA, McIntyre Tm, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1991). Complement receptor type III and the ß-glucan receptor regulate platelet-activating factor synthesis by monocytes [Abstract]. Clin Res, 39, 366A.
  30. Elstad MR, Stafforini DM, McIntyre Tm, Prescott Sm, Zimmerman GA (1991). Interferon-³ decreases platelet-activating factor acetylydrolase secretion by macrophages [Abstract]. Clin Res, 39, 397A.
  31. Stafforini DM, Elstad MR, McIntyre Tm, Zimmerman GA, Prescott SM (1990). Human macrophages secrete platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase [Abstract]. The FASEB, J(4), A 1827.
  32. Prescott SM, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Stafforini DM, Elstad MR, Stremler KE, Smiley PL, Tarbet EB (1990). The PAF acetylhydrolase as a regulator of inflammation. [Abstract]. Proceedings of the First International Congress of Inflammation, Barcelona.
  33. Rizzo T, Rollin RJ, Fairfax WR, Elstad MR, Weiss RL, Schumann GM (1988). Bronchoalveolar lavage cytology allows rapid and accurate diagnosis of cytomegalovirus and Pneumocytis carinii pneumonia in organ transplant patients [Abstract]. Acta Cytol, 32, 765.
  34. Elstad MR, Stafforini DM, Prescott SM, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA (1988). Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase: Development regulation during differentiation of human monocytes [Abstract]. Circulation, 78(Supp. II), 11-48.
  35. Elstad MR, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1987). Platelet-activating factor synthesis and eicosanoid production are coupled in human monocytes [Abstract]. Clin Res, 35(1), 139A.
  36. Elstad MR, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1987). Regulation of Platelet-activating factor synthesis in human monocytes: role of protein kinase C [Abstract]. Clin Res, 35(3), 455A.
  37. Elstad MR, Sisson JH, McIntyre TM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA (1986). Stimulated human monocytes release platelet-activating factor, a mediator of vascular injury [Abstract]. Clin Res, 34(2), 296A.
  38. Sisson JH, Elstad MR, Prescott Sm, McIntyre TM, Zimmerman GA (1986). The production and release of platelet-activating factor by stimulated human neutrophils are highly regulated events [Abstract]. Clin Res, 34(2), 507A.

Other

  1. Girard TD, Thompson JL, Pandharipande PP, Brummel NE, Jackson JC, Patel MB, Hughes CG, Chandrasekhar R, Pun BT, Boehm LM, Elstad MR, Goodman RB, Bernard GR, Dittus RS, Ely EW (2017). Clinical phenotypes of delirium during critical illness and severity of subsequent long-term cognitive impairment: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Respir Med (6(3), pp. 213-222). England.
  2. Hughes CG, Patel MB, Jackson JC, Girard TD, Geevarghese SK, Norman BC, Thompson JL, Chandrasekhar R, Brummel NE, May AK, Elstad MR, Wasserstein ML, Goodman RB, Moons KG, Dittus RS, Ely EW, Pandharipande PP, MIND-ICU BRAIN-ICU investigators (2016). Surgery and Anesthesia Exposure Is Not a Risk Factor for Cognitive Impairment After Major Noncardiac Surgery and Critical Illness. Ann Surg (265(6), pp. 1126-1133). United States.
  3. Patel MB, Jackson JC, Morandi A, Girard TD, Hughes CG, Thompson JL, Kiehl AL, Elstad MR, Wasserstein ML, Goodman RB, Beckham JC, Chandrasekhar R, Dittus RS, Ely EW, Pandharipande PP (2016). Incidence and Risk Factors for Intensive Care Unit-related Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans and Civilians. Am J Respir Crit Care Med (193(12), pp. 1373-81). United States.
  4. Wood DE, Nader DA, Springmeyer SC, Elstad MR, Coxson HO, Chan A, Rai NS, Mularski RA, Cooper CB, Wise RA, Jones PW, Mehta AC, Gonzalez X, Sterman DH, IBV Valve Trial Research Team (2014). The IBV Valve trial: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind trial of endobronchial therapy for severe emphysema. J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol (21(4), pp. 288-97). United States.
  5. Shaaban AM, Mann H, Carveth H, Elstad MR (2007). A case of broncholith and esophago-bronchial fistula. Journal of Thoracic Imaging (22(3), pp. 259-262).