Skull Base Surgery Research

Research in the Treatment of Skull Base Tumors

At our academic medical center, we specialize in skull base tumor research focused on patient outcomes and optimizing quality of life. As a national referral center, we are fortunate to have a high-volume clinical practice to provide data for meaningful research.

We regularly publish the results of our clinical care in the premiere medical journals on surgical research shaping our field. Each member of the team is a sought after speaker at national and international meetings teaching and training other medical professionals. More experience leads to higher quality outcomes. This means that we can provide higher quality care for you—our patients.

  • Over 100 patients included with small vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma) tumors.
  • 99% of patients had complete tumor removal and cure.
  • Of patients with good hearing before surgery, 78% maintained good hearing after surgery.
  • Over 90% have normal or near normal facial nerve function.
  • There was a less than 2.5% chance of surgical complications.
Skull Base Surgery Team of Distinction Recognition from the North American Skull Base Society
Learn More About Skull Base Tumor Treatment at U of U Health

Meet Our Research Team

Dr. Jeremiah Alt headshot

Jeremiah Alt, MD, PhD, FACS, FARS

Read More About Jeremiah Alt,MD, PhD, FACS, FARS
Karol Budohoski headshot

Karol Budohoski, MD, PhD, FRCS

Read More About Karol Budohoski, MD, PhD, FRCS
William T. Couldwell, MD, PhD, FACS, neurosurgeon (headshot)

William T. Couldwell, MD, PhD, FACS

Read More About William T. Couldwell, MD, PhD, FACS
Richard K. Gurgel, MD, MSCI, head and neck surgeon (headshot)

Richard K. Gurgel, MD, MSCI

Read More About Richard K. Gurgel, MD, MSCI
Neil S. Patel, MD, head and neck surgeon (headshot)

Neil S. Patel, MD

Read More About Neil S. Patel, MD
Robert Rennert, MD, headshot

Robert Rennert, MD

Read More About Robert Rennert, MD

Recent Publications

    2024 Publications

    Staged implantation of active transcutaneous bone conduction hearing devices (BCHD) after explantation of older generation bone anchored hearing aids. 

    • Tooker EL, Espahbodi M, Durham AR, Gurgel RK, Patel NS. Staged implantation of active transcutaneous bone conduction hearing devices (BCHD) after explantation of older generation bone anchored hearing aids (BAHAs): Surgical outcomes and approach to management. Am J Otolaryngol. 2024 Jul-Aug;45(4):104328. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2024.104328. Epub 2024 Apr 28. PMID: 38733715.

    Hearing outcomes following reimplantation of functional legacy cochlear implants.

    • Ewer N, Espahbodi M, Pitt C, Patel NS. Hearing outcomes following reimplantation of functional legacy cochlear implants. Am J Otolaryngol. 2024 Jul-Aug;45(4):104346. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2024.104346. Epub 2024 May 1. PMID: 38703613.

    Resection of Secreting Right Carotid Body Paraganglioma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video. 

    • Agnoletto GJ, Nassiri F, Mortimer V, Couldwell WT. Resection of Secreting Right Carotid Body Paraganglioma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2024 Jun 7. doi: 10.1227/ons.0000000000001233. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38847533.

    MRI Safety of Stapes Prostheses: A Systematic Review

    • Daher GS, Kocharyan A, Carlson ML, Dillon WP, Fischbein NJ, Jackler R, Rassner U, Gurgel RK. MRI Safety of Stapes Prostheses: A Systematic Review. Otol Neurotol. 2024 Jun 1;45(5):469-474. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000004170. Epub 2024 Mar 22. PMID: 38518765.

    Comparing Approaches for Repair of Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence. 

    • Tooker EL, Hamilton CA, Takkoush S, Espahbodi M, Patel NS, Gurgel RK. Comparing Approaches for Repair of Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2024 May 28. doi: 10.1002/ohn.841. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38804678.

    Preservation of cranial nerve function in large and giant trigeminal schwannoma resection: a case series

    • Findlay MC, Bounajem MT, Mortimer V, Budohoski KP, Rennert RC, Couldwell WT. Preservation of cranial nerve function in large and giant trigeminal schwannoma resection: a case series. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2024 Apr 29;166(1):198. doi: 10.1007/s00701-024-06094-y. PMID: 38684564.

    Salvage Microsurgery Following Failed Primary Radiosurgery in Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma

    • Marinelli JP, Herberg HA, Moore LS, Yancey KL, Kay-Rivest E, Casale GG, Durham A, Khandalavala KR, Lund-Johansen M, Kosaraju N, Lohse CM, Patel NS, Gurgel RK,Babu SC, Golfinos JG, Roland JT Jr, Hunter JB, Kutz JW Jr, Santa Maria PL, Link MJ, Tveiten ØV, Carlson ML. Salvage Microsurgery Following Failed Primary Radiosurgery in Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2024 Apr 1;150(4):287-294. doi: 10.1001/jamaoto.2023.4474. PMID: 38358763; PMCID: PMC10870221.

    Site-Specific Quality of Life Outcomes Following Anterior Skull Base Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

    •  Shipman P, Arnold E, Beswick DM, Rowan NR, Karsy M, Alt JA, Gill AS. Site-Specific Quality of Life Outcomes Following Anterior Skull Base Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. World Neurosurg. 2024 May;185:254-260. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2024.02.129. Epub 2024 Feb 29. PMID: 38431213.

    Understanding Patient Utilization Patterns of Cochlear Implant Processors

    • Babajanian EE, Cervantes MM, Gordon SA, Johnson KM, Horn ML, Patel NS, Gurgel RK. Understanding Patient Utilization Patterns of Cochlear Implant Processors. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2024 May;133(5):532-537. doi: 10.1177/00034894241234589. Epub 2024 Feb 22. PMID: 38384240.

    • Transmaxillary approach for resection of maxillary division trigeminal schwannoma at foramen rotundum

    • Nassiri F, Liang A, Agnoletto GJ, Couldwell WT. Transmaxillary approach for resection of maxillary division trigeminal schwannoma at foramen rotundum. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2024 Feb 26;166(1):107. doi: 10.1007/s00701-024-05996-1. PMID: 38407650.

      2023 Publications

      Rationale for the Development of a Novel Clinical Grading Scale for Postoperative Facial Nerve Function: Results of a Multidisciplinary International Working Group

      • Carlson ML, Lohse CM, Agazzi S, Babu SC, Barker FG, Barnett S, Bi WL, Biggs N, Boahene KD, Breen JT, Brown KD, Cayé-Thomasen P, Cosetti MK, Deep NL, Dey JK, Dornhoffer JR, Forner D, Gurgel RK, Hansen MR, Hunter JB, Kalamarides M, Kim IA, King AT, Kircher ML, Lassaletta L, Link MJ, Lloyd SKW, Lund-Johansen M, Marinelli JP, Matthies C, Mehta V, Moore EJ, Nassiri AM, Neff BA, Nelson RF, Olson JJ, Patel NS, Celda MP, Plitt AR, Price DL, Thomas Roland J Jr, Sweeney AD, Tasche KK, Tatagiba M, Tveiten Ø, Van Gompel JJ, Vrabec JT, Wanna GB, Weisskopf PA. Rationale for the Development of a Novel Clinical Grading Scale for Postoperative Facial Nerve Function: Results of a Multidisciplinary International Working Group. Otol Neurotol. 2023 Dec 1;44(10):e747-e754. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000004039. Epub 2023 Oct 25. PMID: 37875014.

      International Tuberculum Sellae Meningioma Study: Preoperative Grading Scale to Predict Outcomes and Propensity-Matched Outcomes by Endonasal Versus Transcranial Approach

      • Magill ST, Schwartz TH, Couldwell WT, Gardner PA, Heilman CB, Sen C, Akagami R, Cappabianca P, Prevedello DM, McDermott MW; International Tuberculum Sellae Meningioma Study. International Tuberculum Sellae Meningioma Study: Preoperative Grading Scale to Predict Outcomes and Propensity-Matched Outcomes by Endonasal Versus Transcranial Approach. Neurosurgery. 2023 Dec 1;93(6):1271-1284. doi: 10.1227/neu.0000000000002581. Epub 2023 Jul 7. PMID: 37418417.

      Combined and staged retrosigmoid, extended middle fossa, and endoscopic transnasal approach to a petroclival chondrosarcoma: how I do it

      • Rennert RC, Budohoski KP, Mortimer VR, Couldwell WT. Combined and staged retrosigmoid, extended middle fossa, and endoscopic transnasal approach to a petroclival chondrosarcoma: how I do it. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2023 Nov;165(11):3455-3459. doi: 10.1007/s00701-023-05749-6. Epub 2023 Aug 12. PMID: 37572206.

      Multiple approaches to a spheno-orbital and deep face meningioma: how I do it

      • Rennert RC, Budohoski KP, Mortimer VR, Couldwell WT. Multiple approaches to a spheno-orbital and deep face meningioma: how I do it. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2023 Oct;165(10):2937-2942. doi: 10.1007/s00701-023-05759-4. Epub 2023 Aug 29. PMID: 37642690.

      Combined retrosigmoid and middle fossa approach for a small, superiorly located petroclival meningioma: how I do it

      • Rennert RC, Budohoski KP, Mortimer VR, Couldwell WT. Combined retrosigmoid and middle fossa approach for a small, superiorly located petroclival meningioma: how I do it. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2023 Oct;165(10):2931-2935. doi: 10.1007/s00701-023-05775-4. Epub 2023 Aug 29. PMID: 37642691.

      Content Validity of a High-Fidelity Surgical Middle Ear Simulator: A Randomized Prospective International Multicenter Trial

      • Youner ER, Chillakuru YR, Xu H, Dedmon M, Labadie R, Djalilian H, Mahboubi H, Westerberg B, Vaisbuch Y, Blevins N, Chen J, Lin V, Joyce MG, Moncada PX, Dabiri S, Gurgel RK, Kouhi A, Monfared AS. Content Validity of a High-Fidelity Surgical Middle Ear Simulator: A Randomized Prospective International Multicenter Trial. Otol Neurotol. 2023 Oct 1;44(9):903-911. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000003998. Epub 2023 Aug 15. PMID: 37590880.

      The Natural History of Observed SDHx -Related Head and Neck Paragangliomas Using Three-Dimensional Volumetric Tumor Analysis

      • Tooker EL, Wiggins RH 3rd, Espahbodi M, Naumer A, Buchmann LO, Greenberg SE, Patel NS. The Natural History of Observed SDHx -Related Head and Neck Paragangliomas Using Three-Dimensional Volumetric Tumor Analysis. Otol Neurotol. 2023 Oct 1;44(9):931-940. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000003989. Epub 2023 Aug 15. PMID: 37590887.

      Defining benchmark outcomes for transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenomas: a multicenter analysis

      • Drexler R, Rotermund R, Smith TR, Kilgallon JL, Honegger J, Nasi-Kordhishti I, Gardner PA, Gersey ZC, Abdallah HM, Jane JA, Marino AC, Knappe UJ, Uksul N, Rzaev JA, Galushko EV, Gormolysova EV, Bervitskiy AV, Schroeder HWS, Eördögh M, Losa M, Mortini P, Gerlach R, Azab M, Budohoski KP, Rennert RC, Karsy M, Couldwell WT, Antunes ACM, Westphal M, Ricklefs FL, Flitsch J. Defining benchmark outcomes for transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenomas: a multicenter analysis. Eur J Endocrinol. 2023 Sep 1;189(3):379-386. doi: 10.1093/ejendo/lvad124. PMID: 37668325.

      Closure of small skull base defects with muscle plug napkin ring technique: how I do it

      • Salah WK, Rennert RC, Mortimer V, Couldwell WT. Closure of small skull base defects with muscle plug napkin ring technique: how I do it. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2023 Aug;165(8):2321-2325. doi: 10.1007/s00701-023-05631-5. Epub 2023 May 25. PMID: 37231191.

      Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas

      • Rawanduzy CA, Budohoski KP, Rennert RC, Winkler-Schwartz A, Couldwell WT. Spheno-Orbital Meningiomas. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2023 Jul;34(3):417-423. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2023.02.006. Epub 2023 Apr 5. PMID: 37210130.

      Expanding Understanding of Electrocochleography in Cochlear Implantation: Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder With Normal Pure Tone Average 

      • Buhle AC, McCrary HC, Gordon SA, Johnson KM, Babajanian EE, Patel NS. Expanding Understanding of Electrocochleography in Cochlear Implantation: Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder With Normal Pure Tone Average. Otol Neurotol Open. 2023 Jun 15;3(2):e035. doi: 10.1097/ONO.0000000000000035. PMID: 38516124; PMCID: PMC10950127.

      History, Current Techniques, and Future Prospects of Surgery to the Sellar and Parasellar Region

      • Rawanduzy CA, Couldwell WT. History, Current Techniques, and Future Prospects of Surgery to the Sellar and Parasellar Region. Cancers (Basel). 2023 May 24;15(11):2896. doi: 10.3390/cancers15112896. PMID: 37296858; PMCID: PMC10252033.

      Modified Lateral Orbitotomy Approach to Lesions of the Orbital Apex, Superior Orbital Fissure, Cavernous Sinus, and Middle Cranial Fossa

      • Bounajem MT, Rennert RC, Budohoski KP, Azab M, Karsy M, Couldwell WT. Modified Lateral Orbitotomy Approach to Lesions of the Orbital Apex, Superior Orbital Fissure, Cavernous Sinus, and Middle Cranial Fossa. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2023 May 1;24(5):514-523. doi: 10.1227/ons.0000000000000610. Epub 2023 Jan 16. PMID: 36645874.

      Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Development of Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma

      • AR, Tooker EL, Patel NS, Gurgel RK. Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Development of Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma. Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2023 Jun;56(3):413-420. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2023.02.003. Epub 2023 Apr 3. PMID: 37019771.

      Vestibular Schwannoma: From a "Certain Hard Body" Through the "Bloody Angle" to Hearing Preservation Surgery

      • Budohoski KP, Gurgel RK, Couldwell WT. Vestibular Schwannoma: From a "Certain Hard Body" Through the "Bloody Angle" to Hearing Preservation Surgery. World Neurosurg. 2023 Apr;172:100-101. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.016. Epub 2023 Feb 9. PMID: 36863961.

      Extended Transsphenoidal Approach for Gross Total Resection of Hypothalamic Tumor

      • Rawanduzy CA, Rennert RC, Couldwell WT. Extended Transsphenoidal Approach for Gross Total Resection of Hypothalamic Tumor. World Neurosurg. 2023 Apr;172:71. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.01.107. Epub 2023 Feb 4. PMID: 36739899.

      Hypophysitis: Defining Histopathologic Variants and a Review of Emerging Clinical Causative Entities

      • Rawanduzy CA, Winkler-Schwartz A, Couldwell WT. Hypophysitis: Defining Histopathologic Variants and a Review of Emerging Clinical Causative Entities. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Mar 21;24(6):5917. doi: 10.3390/ijms24065917. PMID: 36982990; PMCID: PMC10057821.

      Disease recidivism after subtotal petrosectomy and ear canal closure

      • Robert J. Macielak, Amanda J. Kull, Matthew L. Carlson, Neil S. Patel. Disease recidivism after subtotal petrosectomy and ear canal closure. American Journal of Otolaryngology, Volume 44, Issue 2, 2023,103743, ISSN 0196-0709. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2022.103743.

        2022 Publications

        Factors associated with hearing outcomes after a middle fossa approach in 131 consecutive patients with vestibular schwannomas

        • Budohoski KP, Rennert RC, Gordon SA, Raheja A, Brandon C, Henson JC, Azab MA, Patel NS, Karsy M, Gurgel RK, Shelton C, Couldwell WT. Factors associated with hearing outcomes after a middle fossa approach in 131 consecutive patients with vestibular schwannomas. J Neurosurg. 2022 Dec 2;139(2):432-441. doi: 10.3171/2022.10.JNS221525. PMID: 36461828.

        Cochlear Implantation in Patients With Known Cognitive Impairment: What Are the Benefits? 

        • Babajanian EE, Carmichael EC, Gordon SA, Patel NS, Gurgel RK. Cochlear Implantation in Patients With Known Cognitive Impairment: What Are the Benefits? Otol Neurotol. 2022 Dec 1;43(10):1144-1148. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000003701. Epub 2022 Oct 6. PMID: 36201563; PMCID: PMC9649849.

        Is There an Inherited Contribution to Risk for Sporadic Unilateral Vestibular Schwannoma? Evidence of Familial Clustering

        • Gurgel RK, Couldwell WT, Patel NS, Cannon-Albright LA. Is There an Inherited Contribution to Risk for Sporadic Unilateral Vestibular Schwannoma? Evidence of Familial Clustering. Otol Neurotol. 2022 Dec 1;43(10):e1157-e1163. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000003686. Epub 2022 Sep 16. PMID: 36113461.

        Transnasal Resection of an Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Secreting Adenoma and Clipping of a Paraclinoid Aneurysm: Two-Dimensional Operative Video

        • Rennert RC, Budohoski KP, Awad AW, Karsy M, Couldwell WT. Transnasal Resection of an Adrenocorticotropic Hormone-Secreting Adenoma and Clipping of a Paraclinoid Aneurysm: Two-Dimensional Operative Video. World Neurosurg. 2022 Nov;167:56. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.08.106. Epub 2022 Aug 31. PMID: 36055617.

        Perigeniculate Giant Cell Tumor of Temporal Bone

        • Babajanian EE, Hollon TC, Seasor TA, Couldwell W, Gurgel RK. Perigeniculate Giant Cell Tumor of Temporal Bone. Cureus. 2022 Aug 28;14(8):e28515. doi: 10.7759/cureus.28515. PMID: 36185938; PMCID: PMC9518639.

        Modified lateral orbitotomy approach for resection of anterior temporal cavernous malformation

        • Rennert RC, Bounajem MT, Budohoski KP, Mortimer VR, Couldwell WT. Modified lateral orbitotomy approach for resection of anterior temporal cavernous malformation. Surg Neurol Int. 2022 Aug 26;13:389. doi: 10.25259/SNI_354_2022. PMID: 36128150; PMCID: PMC9479659.

        Extent of Resection Research in Skull Base Neurosurgery: Previous Studies and Future Directions

        • Hollon T, Fredrickson V, Couldwell WT. Extent of Resection Research in Skull Base Neurosurgery: Previous Studies and Future Directions. World Neurosurg. 2022 May;161:396-404. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.10.184. PMID: 35505559.

        Combined Petrosal Approach for Resection of Petroclival Meningioma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video

        • Budohoski KP, Bounajem M, Rennert RC, Awad AW, Shelton C, Couldwell WT. Combined Petrosal Approach for Resection of Petroclival Meningioma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video. World Neurosurg. 2022 May;161:103. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.02.053. Epub 2022 Feb 19. PMID: 35189415.

        Microscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery in the Era of Endoscopy: Are There Any Advantages? 

        • Rennert RC, Fredrickson VL, Couldwell WT. Microscopic Transsphenoidal Surgery in the Era of Endoscopy: Are There Any Advantages? Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2022 Apr;55(2):411-420. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2021.12.010. PMID: 35365314.

        Maturation of the sella turcica and parasellar region: Surgical relevance for anterior skull base approaches in pediatric patients

        • Rennert RC, Brandel MG, Steinberg JA, Nation J, Couldwell WT, Fukushima T, Day JD, Khalessi AA, Levy ML. Maturation of the sella turcica and parasellar region: Surgical relevance for anterior skull base approaches in pediatric patients. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2022 Apr;215:107168. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107168. Epub 2022 Mar 2. PMID: 35247690.

        Trans-lamina Terminalis Approach for Resection of Third Ventricular Tumor

        • Rennert RC, Nadel JL, Budohoski KP, Couldwell WT. Trans-lamina Terminalis Approach for Resection of Third Ventricular Tumor. World Neurosurg. 2022 Apr;160:33. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2022.01.032. Epub 2022 Jan 18. PMID: 35051637.

        Evaluating the Impact of Cochlear Implantation on Cognitive Function in Older Adults

        • Gurgel RK, Duff K, Foster NL, Urano KA, deTorres A. Evaluating the Impact of Cochlear Implantation on Cognitive Function in Older Adults. Laryngoscope. 2022 Apr;132 Suppl 7(Suppl 7):S1-S15. doi: 10.1002/lary.29933. Epub 2021 Nov 5. PMID: 34738240; PMCID: PMC8920765.

        Histology of the Porous Oculomotorius: Relevance to Anterior Skull Base Approaches

        • Rennert RC, Goodwill V, Steinberg JA, Fukushima T, Day JD, Khalessi AA, Levy ML. Histology of the Porous Oculomotorius: Relevance to Anterior Skull Base Approaches. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2022 Apr 11;84(3):210-216. doi: 10.1055/a-1780-4619. PMID: 37180869; PMCID: PMC10171935.

        Extended middle fossa approach for resection of a petroclival meningioma and vestibular schwannoma

        • Rennert RC, Budohoski KP, Gurgel RK, Couldwell WT. Extended middle fossa approach for resection of a petroclival meningioma and vestibular schwannoma. Neurosurg Focus Video. 2022 Apr 1;6(2):V5. doi: 10.3171/2022.1.FOCVID21258. PMID: 36284993; PMCID: PMC9558912.

        Maturation of the internal auditory canal and posterior petrous bone with relevance to lateral and posterolateral skull base approaches

        • Rennert RC, Brandel MG, Steinberg JA, Friedman RA, Couldwell WT, Fukushima T, Day JD, Khalessi AA, Levy ML. Maturation of the internal auditory canal and posterior petrous bone with relevance to lateral and posterolateral skull base approaches. Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 3;12(1):3489. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-07343-9. PMID: 35241717; PMCID: PMC8894491.

        Visual Outcomes in Spheno-Orbital Meningioma: A 10-Year Experience

        • Kim RB, Fredrickson VL, Couldwell WT. Visual Outcomes in Spheno-Orbital Meningioma: A 10-Year Experience. World Neurosurg. 2022 Feb;158:e726-e734. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.11.048. Epub 2021 Nov 17. PMID: 34800732.

        Frailty and Quality of Life After Cochlear Implantation in Older Adults

        • Aylward A, Murphy-Meyers M, Allen CM, Patel NS, Gurgel RK. Frailty and Quality of Life After Cochlear Implantation in Older Adults. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2022 Feb;166(2):350-356. doi: 10.1177/01945998211004589. Epub 2021 Apr 20. PMID: 33874790.

        Cranio-Orbital Approach for Single-Stage En Bloc Resection of Optic Nerve Glioma: Technical Note

        • Fredrickson VL, Agnoletto GJ, Hollon TC, Kundu B, Mortimer VR, Couldwell WT. Cranio-Orbital Approach for Single-Stage En Bloc Resection of Optic Nerve Glioma: Technical Note. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2022 Feb 1;22(2):e95-e99. doi: 10.1227/ONS.0000000000000027. PMID: 35007223.

        Caregiver Quality of Life After Cochlear Implantation in Older Adults

        • Aylward A, Gordon SA, Murphy-Meyers M, Allen CM, Patel NS, Gurgel RK. Caregiver Quality of Life After Cochlear Implantation in Older Adults. Otol Neurotol. 2022 Feb 1;43(2):e191-e197. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000003427. PMID: 34855684; PMCID: PMC8752477.

        Outcomes and surgical nuances in management of giant pituitary adenomas: a review of 108 cases in the endoscopic era

        • Makarenko S, Alzahrani I, Karsy M, Deopujari C, Couldwell WT. Outcomes and surgical nuances in management of giant pituitary adenomas: a review of 108 cases in the endoscopic era. J Neurosurg. 2022 Jan 21;137(3):635-646. doi: 10.3171/2021.10.JNS21659. PMID: 35061979.

          2021 Publications

          The Impact of Cochlear Implantation: Cognitive Function, Quality of Life, and Frailty in Older Adults

          • Babajanian EE, Patel NS, Gurgel RK. The Impact of Cochlear Implantation: Cognitive Function, Quality of Life, and Frailty in Older Adults. Semin Hear. 2021 Dec 9;42(4):342-351. doi: 10.1055/s-0041-1739367. PMID: 34912162; PMCID: PMC8660171.

          Tumor Control Following Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Patients with Vestibular Schwannomas - A Retrospective Cohort Study

          • Santa Maria PL, Shi Y, Aaron KA, Gurgel RK, Corrales CE, Soltys SG, Santa Maria C, Chang SD, Blevins NH, Jackler RK, Gibbs IC. Tumor Control Following Stereotactic Radiosurgery in Patients with Vestibular Schwannomas - A Retrospective Cohort Study. Otol Neurotol. 2021 Dec 1;42(10):e1548-e1559. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000003285. PMID: 34353978.

          Quality Improvement in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery: Age-Related Hearing Loss Measures

          • Gurgel RK, Briggs SE, Dhepyasuwan N, Rosenfeld RM. Quality Improvement in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery: Age-Related Hearing Loss Measures. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021 Dec;165(6):765-774. doi: 10.1177/01945998211000442. Epub 2021 Mar 23. PMID: 33752512.

          Far Lateral Craniotomy for Obliteration of High-Risk Craniocervical Junction Arteriovenous Fistula

          • Agnoletto GJ, Fredrickson VL, Hollon TC, Couldwell WT. Far Lateral Craniotomy for Obliteration of High-Risk Craniocervical Junction Arteriovenous Fistula. Neurol India. 2021 Nov-Dec;69(6):1554-1556. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.333526. PMID: 34979641.

          Degree of preoperative hearing loss predicts time to early mobilization following vestibular schwannoma microsurgery

          • Macielak RJ, Barnes JH, Van Gompel JJ, Neff BA, Link MJ, Driscoll CL, Carlson ML, Patel NS. Degree of preoperative hearing loss predicts time to early mobilization following vestibular schwannoma microsurgery. Am J Otolaryngol. 2021 Nov-Dec;42(6):103073. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103073. Epub 2021 Apr 21. PMID: 33915514.

          Hemorrhagic Skull Base Chordoma Presenting As Chordoma Apoplexy

          • Uysal E, Cohen MA, Abou-Al-Shaar H, Palmer C, Couldwell W. Hemorrhagic Skull Base Chordoma Presenting As Chordoma Apoplexy. Cureus. 2021 Nov 1;13(11):e19187. doi: 10.7759/cureus.19187. PMID: 34873527; PMCID: PMC8635681.

          Assessing Trends in Fellowship Training Among Otolaryngology Residents: A National Survey Study

          • Miller RH, McCrary HC, Gurgel RK. Assessing Trends in Fellowship Training Among Otolaryngology Residents: A National Survey Study. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2021 Nov;165(5):655-661. doi: 10.1177/0194599821994477. Epub 2021 Feb 23. PMID: 33618575.

          Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome Following Head Trauma: A Multi-institutional Review

          • McCrary HC, Babajanian E, Patel N, Yang S, Kircher M, Carlson ML, Gurgel RK. Superior Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome Following Head Trauma: A Multi-institutional Review. Laryngoscope. 2021 Nov;131(11):E2810-E2818. doi: 10.1002/lary.29751. Epub 2021 Jul 17. PMID: 34272884.

          Does Frailty or Age Increase the Risk of Postoperative Complications Following Cochlear Implantation?

          • Gordon SA, Aylward A, Patel NS, Bowers C, Presson AP, Smith KR, Foster NL, Gurgel RK. Does Frailty or Age Increase the Risk of Postoperative Complications Following Cochlear Implantation? OTO Open. 2021 Sep 24;5(3):2473974X211044084. doi: 10.1177/2473974X211044084. PMID: 34595366; PMCID: PMC8477701.

          Maturation of the anterior petrous apex: surgical relevance for performance of the middle fossa transpetrosal approach in pediatric patients

          • Rennert RC, Brandel MG, Steinberg JA, Gonda DD, Friedman RA, Fukushima T, Day JD, Khalessi AA, Levy ML. Maturation of the anterior petrous apex: surgical relevance for performance of the middle fossa transpetrosal approach in pediatric patients. J Neurosurg. 2021 Sep 17;136(4):1090-1096. doi: 10.3171/2021.3.JNS202648. PMID: 34534955.

          Transmastoid Hydroxyapatite Resurfacing for Sigmoid Sinus Wall Anomalies Causing Pulsatile Tinnitus

          • Newberry I, Highland J, DeTorres A, Gurgel R. Transmastoid Hydroxyapatite Resurfacing for Sigmoid Sinus Wall Anomalies Causing Pulsatile Tinnitus. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Aug;130(8):885-891. doi: 10.1177/0003489420987407. Epub 2021 Jan 8. PMID: 33412915.

          Cochlear implantation after radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma

          • Patel NS, Carlson ML, Link MJ, Neff BA, Van Gompel JJ, Driscoll CLW. Cochlear implantation after radiosurgery for vestibular schwannoma. J Neurosurg. 2021 Jul 1;135(1):126-135. doi: 10.3171/2020.4.JNS201069. Epub 2021 Jun 24. PMID: 34250789.

          Surgical Relevance of the Suprameatal Tubercle During Superior Petrosal Vein-Sparing Trigeminal Nerve Microvascular Decompression

          • Rennert RC, Brandel MG, Stephens ML, Rodriguez A, Morris TW, Day JD. Surgical Relevance of the Suprameatal Tubercle During Superior Petrosal Vein-Sparing Trigeminal Nerve Microvascular Decompression. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2021 May 13;20(6):E410-E416. doi: 10.1093/ons/opab046. PMID: 33647963.

          Primary pituitary abscess in an adolescent female patient: case report, literature review, and operative video

          • Sherrod BA, Makarenko S, Iyer RR, Eli I, Kestle JR, Couldwell WT. Primary pituitary abscess in an adolescent female patient: case report, literature review, and operative video. Childs Nerv Syst. 2021 May;37(5):1423-1428. doi: 10.1007/s00381-021-05052-8. Epub 2021 Jan 29. PMID: 33515057.

          Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea from a Prolactin-Secreting Pituitary Macroadenoma

          • Patel A, Gozal YM, Abou-Al-Shaar H, Taussky P, Couldwell W. Spontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea from a Prolactin-Secreting Pituitary Macroadenoma. Cureus. 2021 Feb 3;13(2):e13111. doi: 10.7759/cureus.13111. PMID: 33728130; PMCID: PMC7935238.

            2020 Publications

            Surgical Management of Multifocal Trigeminal Schwannomas

            • Abou-Al-Shaar H, Cohen MA, Bi WL, Gozal YM, Alzhrani G, Karsy M, Al-Mefty O, Couldwell WT. Surgical Management of Multifocal Trigeminal Schwannomas. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2020 Nov 16;19(6):659-666. doi: 10.1093/ons/opaa227. PMID: 32717071.

            Microvascular transposition using Teflon sling technique

            • Couldwell MW, Mortimer As V, Couldwell WT. Microvascular transposition using Teflon sling technique. Neurosurg Focus Video. 2020 Oct 1;3(2):V2. doi: 10.3171/2020.6.FOCVID2040. PMID: 36285271; PMCID: PMC9542437.

            Resection of Invasive Sphenoorbital and Cavernous Sinus Meningioma via Frontotemporal Craniotomy

            • Cohen MA, Cannon RB, Couldwell WT. Resection of Invasive Sphenoorbital and Cavernous Sinus Meningioma via Frontotemporal Craniotomy. World Neurosurg. 2020 Sep;141:252. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.05.059. Epub 2020 May 19. PMID: 32416238.

            Internal Auditory Canal Variability: Anatomic Variation Affects Cisternal Facial Nerve Visualization

            • Cohen MA, Abou-Al-Shaar H, Gozal YM, Karsy M, Alzhrani G, Shelton C, Couldwell WT. Internal Auditory Canal Variability: Anatomic Variation Affects Cisternal Facial Nerve Visualization. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2020 Sep 1;19(3):E251-E258. doi: 10.1093/ons/opz410. PMID: 31953541.

            Extreme Lateral Transodontoid Approach for Resection of Clival Chordoma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video

            • Joyce EJ, Cohen MA, Ho W, Brockmeyer DL, Couldwell WT. Extreme Lateral Transodontoid Approach for Resection of Clival Chordoma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2020 Sep 1;19(3):E298. doi: 10.1093/ons/opz411. PMID: 31943094.

            Middle fossa approach for a pediatric facial nerve meningioma

            • Rennert RC, Levy DM, Plonsker J, Steinberg JA, Friedman RA, Crawford JR, Levy ML. Middle fossa approach for a pediatric facial nerve meningioma. J Neurosurg Pediatr. 2020 Aug 28;26(5):578-582. doi: 10.3171/2020.5.PEDS2034. PMID: 32858509.

            Restabilization of the Occipitocervical Junction After a Complete Unilateral Condylectomy: A Biomechanical Comparison of Unilateral and Bilateral Fixation Techniques

            • Eli IM, Karsy M, Brodke DS, Bachus KN, Couldwell WT, Dailey AT, Mazur MD. Restabilization of the Occipitocervical Junction After a Complete Unilateral Condylectomy: A Biomechanical Comparison of Unilateral and Bilateral Fixation Techniques. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2020 Aug 1;19(2):157-164. doi: 10.1093/ons/opz341. PMID: 31768546.

            Cavernous Sinus Meningioma with Orbital Involvement: Algorithmic Decision-Making and Treatment Strategy

            • Raheja A, Couldwell WT. Cavernous Sinus Meningioma with Orbital Involvement: Algorithmic Decision-Making and Treatment Strategy. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2020 Aug;81(4):348-356. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1715471. Epub 2020 Sep 17. PMID: 33072476; PMCID: PMC7561463.

            Hemorrhagic Fibrous Dysplasia with Acute Neurological Decline: Case Report and Review of the Literature

            • Hardy J, Karsy M, Makarenko S, Ward M, Couldwell WT. Hemorrhagic Fibrous Dysplasia with Acute Neurological Decline: Case Report and Review of the Literature. World Neurosurg. 2020 Aug;140:71-75. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.04.249. Epub 2020 May 11. PMID: 32437991.

            Management of Water and Sodium Disturbances after Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Tumors

            • Nadel J, Couldwell WT. Management of Water and Sodium Disturbances after Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Tumors. Neurol India. 2020 May-Jun;68(Supplement):S101-S105. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.287679. PMID: 32611899.

            Resection of Cavernous Sinus Meningioma via Lateral Orbitotomy Approach: 2-Dimensional Operative Video

            • Cohen MA, Couldwell WT. Resection of Cavernous Sinus Meningioma via Lateral Orbitotomy Approach: 2-Dimensional Operative Video. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2020 May 1;18(5):E164. doi: 10.1093/ons/opz174. PMID: 31301136.

            The Influence of Vestibular Schwannoma Tumor Volume and Growth on Hearing Loss

            • Patel NS, Huang AE, Dowling EM, Lees KA, Tombers NM, Lohse CM, Marinelli JP, Van Gompel JJ, Neff BA, Driscoll CLW, Link MJ, Carlson ML. The Influence of Vestibular Schwannoma Tumor Volume and Growth on Hearing Loss. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2020 Apr;162(4):530-537. doi: 10.1177/0194599819900396. Epub 2020 Jan 28. PMID: 31986971.

            Unique Far-Lateral Closure Technique: Technical Note

            • Scoville JP, Mazur MD, Couldwell WT. Unique Far-Lateral Closure Technique: Technical Note. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown). 2020 Apr 1;18(4):384-390. doi: 10.1093/ons/opz168. PMID: 31236599.

            Resection of a juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma via a hybrid cranioendoscopic approach

            • Joyce E, Karsy M, Makarenko S, Alt J, Orlandi R, Couldwell WT. Resection of a juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma via a hybrid cranioendoscopic approach. Neurosurg Focus Video. 2020 Apr 1;2(2):V17. doi: 10.3171/2020.4.FocusVid.19923. PMID: 36284781; PMCID: PMC9542235.

            Internal Auditory Canal Lipoma: An Unusual Intracranial Lesion

            • Uysal E, Reese J, Cohen M, Curtis D, Shelton C, Couldwell WT. Internal Auditory Canal Lipoma: An Unusual Intracranial Lesion. World Neurosurg. 2020 Mar;135:156-159. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.12.037. Epub 2019 Dec 13. PMID: 31843721.

            Cranio-Orbital and Orbitocranial Approaches to Orbital and Intracranial Disease: Eye-Opening Approaches for Neurosurgeons

            • Abou-Al-Shaar H, Krisht KM, Cohen MA, Abunimer AM, Neil JA, Karsy M, Alzhrani G, Couldwell WT. Cranio-Orbital and Orbitocranial Approaches to Orbital and Intracranial Disease: Eye-Opening Approaches for Neurosurgeons. Front Surg. 2020 Feb 7;7:1. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2020.00001. PMID: 32118028; PMCID: PMC7025513.

            Monitoring Cochlear Nerve Integrity During Vestibular Schwannoma Microsurgery in Real-Time Using Cochlear Implant Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response and Streaming Neural Response Imaging

            • Patel NS, Saoji AA, Olund AP, Carlson ML. Monitoring Cochlear Nerve Integrity During Vestibular Schwannoma Microsurgery in Real-Time Using Cochlear Implant Evoked Auditory Brainstem Response and Streaming Neural Response Imaging. Otol Neurotol. 2020 Feb;41(2):e201-e207. doi: 10.1097/MAO.0000000000002458. PMID: 31923158.

            Cavernous sinus meningioma

            • Raheja A, Couldwell WT. Cavernous sinus meningioma. Handb Clin Neurol. 2020;170:69-85. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-822198-3.00029-X. PMID: 32586510.

              2019 Publications

              Resection of Pituitary Tumor with Lateral Extension to the Temporal Fossa: The Toothpaste Extrusion Technique

              • Baker C, Karsy M, Couldwell WT. Resection of Pituitary Tumor with Lateral Extension to the Temporal Fossa: The Toothpaste Extrusion Technique. Cureus. 2019 Oct 21;11(10):e5953. doi: 10.7759/cureus.5953. PMID: 31799094; PMCID: PMC6863590.

              Improved Surgical Safety via Intraoperative Navigation for Transnasal Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Adenomas

              • Achey RL, Karsy M, Azab MA, Scoville J, Kundu B, Bowers CA, Couldwell WT. Improved Surgical Safety via Intraoperative Navigation for Transnasal Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Adenomas. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base. 2019 Dec;80(6):626-631. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1677677. Epub 2019 Jan 21. PMID: 31754596; PMCID: PMC6868505.